Professor Clare Mills

Professor of Food and Molecular Immunology

BSc in Biochemistry, PhD in Biochemistry

clare.mills@surrey.ac.uk

Mon-Fri full time

Academic and research departments

Section of Immunology, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Institute for Sustainability.

About

Biography

Clare Mills is Professor of Food and Molecular Immunology in the School of Bioscience which is part of the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and is part of the Respiratory and Allergy Research team at the University of Manchester and the Wythenshawe Hospital. She obtained her BSc in Biochemistry from the University of Bristol and after a short spell at the then Glaxo Group Research, moved to the University of Kent to study for a PhD in Biochemistry as a CASE student sponsored by Shell Research. On completing her PhD after a short spell at the Department of Health she moved to the BBSRC Institute of Food Research (now known as the Quadram Institute) where she eventually became an Institute Strategic Programme leader. In 2011 she moved to the University of Manchester and then in 2022 took up a joint appointment with the University of Surrey.

Through a series of projects funded across several EU Frame Work Programmes she developed a network of researchers spanning 17 countries, including India, China, Russia and Ghana, that went on to form the EuroPrevall consortium. With 63 partners spanning clinical science, epidemiology, social science, biochemical and immunological sciences, academia and industry and €14.3M of funding this was successfully completed at the end of 2009. After moving to the University of Manchester she formed a further partnership which won the €9M, 38 partner, iFAAM project. This sought to exploit much of the knowledge gained in EuroPrevall to develop tools and approaches to enable more effective management of food allergies. other aspects of her research on food allergy include projects funded by the European Union, European Food Safety Authority and the Food Standards Agency on different aspects of food allergen management, analysis and allergenicity risk assessment, including aspects relating to novel foods. This includes the £1.8 M PAFA project which is discovering how many adults suffer from IgE-mediated food allergies, and investigating risk factors involved in driving IgE-mediated food allergies.

Professor Mills is a member of the FSA Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes and was involved in the recent FAO-WHO Ad Hoc Expert Consultation on Food Allergens and has more than 200 refereed publications.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7433-1740

Projects Delivering Insights into Food Allergy

Research

Research interests

Her research interests are focused on structure-function relationships in food proteins particularly with regards what makes some proteins, and not others, become allergens. This includes investigating the effects of the food matrix and processing on resistance of food proteins to digestion and the role this plays in determining the allergenicity of foods and interactions with the immune system. The group are also investigating how host related factors, such as viral infections, which may exacerbate allergic immune responses and affect severity of reaction.

The research is underpinned by the application of multi'omics technology, including recent innovations in single cell analysis, particularly proteomics and metabolomics. These methods are applied to the analysis of human biological samples, cell models of the gut epithelium and immune system, and characterisation of allergens in foods. These tools also provide a mean of assessing the allergenic risks posed by alternative proteins that are being developed to reduce green-house gas emissions associated with food production, from sources as diverse as insect and algae.

Such work is inherently transdisciplinary spanning bioinformatics and health data science, to mass spectrometry imaging of metabolites and protein in cells, all undertaken in partnership with clinical scientists and patients, to provide insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in food allergy and ultimately improve the health and well being of those with food allergies.

Research projects

Novel strategies for predicting allergenicity: development of a ranking method and screening tools to assess the allergy risk of innovative proteins OC/EFSA/GMO/2021/04

In silico methods are an integral part of the allergenicity risk assessment process, both for novel foods and newly expressed proteins in Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) for food use. They help to identify novel proteins that have the potential to cause cross-reactive food allergies in the existing allergic population. Many of the tools developed rely on databases of curated allergen sequences but the curation process does not necessarily consider whether an allergen is clinically relevant and plays a role in triggering an IgE-mediated reaction. In order to fill this gap in our knowledge, a systematic review of allergens identified in a range of foods is planned. The foods include those for which food allergen labelling is mandated in the European Union and the UK, other foods such as fruit, which are known to cause IgE-mediated food allergies in at least 0.5% of the European population and foods of low allergenicity such as rice. The approach taken includes a Population-Outcome (PO) approach in order to address the primary research question “What scientific knowledge (evidence) is there that clinical manifestation(s) of IgE-mediated allergic reaction(s) are caused by ingestion of a food?”. A modified Population-Exposure-Comparator-Outcome (PECO) approach is then being taken to address the secondary research question “Which food protein molecules are recognised by serum-IgE from individuals allergic to foods (identified by addressing the primary question) and are responsible for causing an IgE-mediated adverse reaction to those foods?”. This is being undertaken with a side-byside evaluation of the in silico tools currently used in allergenicity risk assessment of newly expressed proteins in GMOs and novel proteins.

Publications

Highlights

Development and validation of the Food Allergy Severity Score

Fernández-Rivas M, Gómez Ga.rcía I, Gonzalo-Fernández A, Fuentes Ferrer M, Dölle-Bierke S, Marco-Martín G, Ballmer-Weber BK, Asero R, Belohlavkova S, Beyer K, de Blay F, Clausen M, Datema MR, Dubakiene R, Grimshaw KEC, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Hourihane JO, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Knulst AC, Kralimarkova T, Le TM, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Poulsen LK, Purohit A, Seneviratne SL, Simpson A, Sinaniotis A, Turkalji M, Vázquez-Cortés S, Vera-Berrios RN, Muraro A, Worm M, Roberts G, van Ree R, Fernández-Pérez C, Turner PJ, Mills ENC. 2022 Allergy. 77(5):1545-1558. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15165

Understanding more about severe food allergic reactions is crucial to helping protect allergic consumers. Developing a validated severity score is an important step to helping to standardise patient management and support research into better ways of diagnosing and treating food allergies. This paper described the development and validation of two diferent types of food allergy severity scores (FASS) capitalising on clinical data collected from across Europe as part of the iFAAM project.

Bile salts enhance the digestibility of the stable allergen from peach, Pru p 3

Wang, K., Gali-Moya, J., Ruano-Zaragoza, M. Cain K, D'Auria G, Daly M, Barran P, Crevel R, Mills ENC. 2023 Sci Rep 13, 15155 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39599-0

In the Mediterranean area there is a pattern of severe food allergies to fresh fruits, such as peach, which is driven by a molecule called a lipid transfer protein, also known as Pru p 3. The proteins stability is thought to play a role in its allergenicity. We have discovered that bile salts enhance the in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of Pru p 3 and reduce, but not abolish, the ability of the protein to bind IgE from peach allergic subjects.

Clare Mills, Federica Orsenigo (2024)Seed storage globulins, In: Encyclopedia of Food Allergy (First Edition)pp. 463-477 Elsevier

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-96018-2.00182-6

Kai Wang, Judit Gali-Moya, Maria Ruano-Zaragoza, Kathleen Cain, Giovanni D’Auria, Matthew Daly, Perdita Barran, René Crevel, E.N. Clare Mills (2023)Bile salts enhance the susceptibility of the peach allergenic lipid transfer protein, Pru p 3, to in vitro gastrointestinal proteolysis, In: Scientific reports13(1)15155 Nature Publishing Group UK

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39599-0

Sensitisation to the lipid transfer protein Pru p 3 is associated with severe allergic reactions to peach, the proteins stability being thought to play a role in its allergenicity. Lipid binding increases susceptibility of Pru p 3 to digestion and so the impact of bile salts on the in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility of Pru p 3 was investigated and digestion products mapped by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Bile salts enhanced the digestibility of Pru p 3 resulting in an ensemble of around 100 peptides spanning the protein’s sequence which were linked by disulphide bonds into structures of ~ 5–6 kDa. IgE binding studies with a serum panel from peach allergic subjects showed digestion reduced, but did not abolish, the IgE reactivity of Pru p 3. These data show the importance of including bile salts in vitro digestion systems and emphasise the need to profile of digestion in a manner that allows identification of immunologically relevant disulphide-linked peptide aggregates.

Weston Struwe, Edward Emmott, Melanie Bailey, Michal Sharon, Andrea Sinz, Fernando J Corrales, Kostas Thalassinos, Julian Braybrook, Clare Mills, Perdita Barran (2020)The COVID-19 MS Coalition—accelerating diagnostics, prognostics, and treatment, In: The Lancet395(10239)pp. 1761-1762 Elsevier

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31211-3

Rapid and comprehensive genetic sequencing has shed light on the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and allowed timely implementation of PCR tests to determine the presence of viral RNA. PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 are some way from being reliably qualitative and will never indicate how the disease might progress in an individual. As COVID-19 becomes endemic, there is a concomitant need for accurate serological assays to detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 antigens and ultimately tests for prognostic markers to target treatment options.1,2 With this considerable genetic insight, and the emerging structural information, comes associated questions regarding the molecular descriptors that contribute to disease progression, especially when we consider spread across different populations. The power of mass spectrometry to generate rapid, precise, and reproducible diagnostic information that complements genomic information and accelerates our understanding of the disease, is now becoming a reality.

Additional publications

Wang K, Gali-Moya J, Ruano-Zaragoza M, Cain K, D'Auria G, Daly M, Barran P, Crevel R, Mills ENC. 2023 Bile salts enhance the susceptibility of the peach allergenic lipid transfer protein, Pru p 3, to in vitro gastrointestinal proteolysis. Sci Rep. Sep 13(1):15155.
ÁKallen EJJ, Revers A, Fernández-Rivas M, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Ebisawa M, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Fukutomi Y, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Knulst AC, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Lidholm J, Metzler C, Mills ENC, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Takei M, Versteeg SA, Vassilopoulou AE, Vieths S, Welsing PMJ, Zwinderman AH, Le TM, Van Ree R. 2023 A European-Japanese study on peach allergy: IgE to Pru p 7 associates with severity. Allergy. doi: 10.1111/all.15783. Epub ahead of print.
Wang K, Crevel RWR, Mills ENC. 2023 An in vitro protocol to characterise the resistance of food proteins to intestinal digestion. Food Chem Toxicol.173:113590.
Daly M, Huang X, Nitride C, Tranquet O, Rogers A, Shewry PR, Gethings LA, Mills ENC. 2023 A chromatographic and immunoprofiling approach to optimising workflows for extraction of gluten proteins from flour. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 15;1215:123554..
Wu J, Bahri R, Tsoumani M, Semic-Jusufagic A, Murray CS, Custovic A, Guibas GV, Bennett M, Wang R,, Gauvreau G, Cusack R, Mills C, Bulfone-Paus S, Simpson A. 2023 Progenitor cell-derived basophils: A novel barcoded passive degranulation assay in allergic diseases. Clin Exp Allergy;53(4):405-416.
D'Auria G, Nitride C, Nicolai MA, Mamone G, Montesano D, Mills ENC, Ferranti P. Identification of allergen encoding sequences in a novel food ingredient from Moringa oleifera leaves. 2023 Food Chem. 401:134185.
Henrottin J, Pilolli R, Huet AC, Van Poucke C, Nitride C, de Loose M, Tranquet O, Larré C, Adel-Patient K, Bernard H, Mills ENC, Gillard N, Monaci L 2023 Optimization of a sample preparation workflow based on UHPLC-MS/MS method for multi-allergen detection in chocolate: An outcome of the ThRAll project. Food Control 143: 109256
Wang K, Crevel RWR, Mills ENC. 2022 Assessing protein digestibility in allergenicity risk assessment: A comparison of in silico and high throughput in vitro gastric digestion assays. Food Chem Toxicol;167:113273.
Fernández-Rivas M, Gómez Ga.rcía I, Gonzalo-Fernández A, Fuentes Ferrer M, Dölle-Bierke S, Marco-Martín G, Ballmer-Weber BK, Asero R, Belohlavkova S, Beyer K, de Blay F, Clausen M, Datema MR, Dubakiene R, Grimshaw KEC, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Hourihane JO, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Knulst AC, Kralimarkova T, Le TM, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Poulsen LK, Purohit A, Seneviratne SL, Simpson A, Sinaniotis A, Turkalji M, Vázquez-Cortés S, Vera-Berrios RN, Muraro A, Worm M, Roberts G, van Ree R, Fernández-Pérez C, Turner PJ, Mills ENC. 2022 Development and validation of the food allergy severity score. Allergy. 77(5):1545-1558.
Dua S, Ruiz-Garcia M, Bond S, Dowey J, Durham SR, Kimber I, Mills C, Roberts G, Skypala I, Wason J, Ewan P, Boyle RJ, Clark A. 2022 Effects of Exercise and Sleep Deprivation on Reaction Severity During Oral Peanut Challenge: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract.10(9):2404-2413.e1.
Muraro A, de Silva D, Halken S, Worm M, Khaleva E, Arasi S, Dunn-Galvin A, Nwaru BI, De Jong NW, Rodríguez Del Río P, Turner PJ, Smith P, Begin P, Angier E, Arshad H, Ballmer-Weber B, Beyer K, Bindslev-Jensen C, Cianferoni A, Demoulin C, Deschildre A, Ebisawa M, Fernandez-Rivas MM, Fiocchi A, Flokstra-de Blok B, Gerdts J, Gradman J, Grimshaw K, Jones C, Lau S, Loh R, Alvaro Lozano M, Makela M, Marchisotto MJ, Meyer R, Mills C, Nilsson C, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Nurmatov U, Pajno G, Podestà M, Poulsen LK, Sampson HA, Sanchez A, Schnadt S, Szajewska H, Van Ree R, Venter C, Vlieg-Boerstra B, Warner A, Wong G, Wood R, Zuberbier T, Roberts G; 2022 GA2LEN Food Allergy Guideline Group; GALEN Food Allergy Guideline Group. Managing food allergy: GA2LEN guideline 2022. World Allergy Organ J. 7;15(9):100687.
Daly ME, Wang K, Pan X, Depau RL, Marsh J, Capozzi F, Johnson P, Gethings LA, Mills ENC. 2022 The Fate of IgE Epitopes and Coeliac Toxic Motifs during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion of Pizza Base. Foods. 11(14):2000.
Huet AC, Paulus M, Henrottin J, Brossard C, Tranquet O, Bernard H, Pilolli R, Nitride C, Larré C, Adel-Patient K, Monaci L, Mills ENC, De Loose M, Gillard N, Van Poucke C. 2022 Development of incurred chocolate bars and broth powder with six fully characterised food allergens as test materials for food allergen analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem. 414(8):2553-2570.
Turner PJ, Baumert JL, Beyer K, Brooke-Taylor S, Comberiati P, Crevel RWR, Gerdts JD, Hazel Gowland M, Houben GF, Hourihane JO, Konstantinou GN, La Vieille S, Moya B, Muraro A, Mills ENC, Patel N, Podestà M, Popping B, Reese I, Roberts G, Said M, Santos AF, Schnadt S, Taylor SL, Vlieg-Boerstra B, Remington BC; 2022 EAACI Taskforce on Food allergen thresholds. 'Too high, too low': The complexities of using thresholds in isolation to inform precautionary allergen ('may contain') labels. Allergy.77(6):1661-1666.
Datema MR, Lyons SA, Fernández-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber B, Knulst AC, Asero R, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Jongejan L, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova TZ, Lidholm J, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Del Prado N, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Vassilopoulou E, Versteeg SA, Vieths S, Welsing PMJ, Mills ENC, Le TM, Zwinderman AH, van Ree R. 2021 Estimating the Risk of Severe Peanut Allergy Using Clinical Background and IgE Sensitization Profiles. Front Allergy. 2:670789.
Ivarez García O, Bartra J, Ruiz-Garcia M, Skypala IJ, Durham SR, Boyle RJ, Mills ENC, Turner PJ. 2022 No apparent impact of incremental dosing on eliciting dose at double-blind, placebo-controlled peanut challenge. Allergy. 77: 667-670 doi:10.1111/all.15130.
Mattar H, Padfield P, Simpson A, Mills ENC. 2021 The impact of a baked muffin matrix on the bioaccessibility and IgE reactivity of egg and peanut allergens. Food Chem. 362:129879.
Patel N, Adelman DC, Anagnostou K, Baumert JL, Blom WM, Campbell DE, Chinthrajah RS, Mills ENC, Javed B, Purington N, Remington BC, Sampson HA, Smith AD, Yarham RAR, Turner PJ. 2021 Using data from food challenges to inform management of consumers with food allergy: A systematic review with individual participant data meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 147:2249-2262.
Turner PJ, Patel N, Ballmer-Weber BK, Baumert JL, Blom WM, Brooke-Taylor S, Brough H, Campbell DE, Chen H, Chinthrajah RS, Crevel RW, Dubois AEJ, Ebisawa M, Elizur A, Gerdts JD, Gowland MH, Houben GF, Hourihane JO, Knulst AC, La Vieille S, López MC, Mills ENC, Polenta GA, Purington N, Said M, Sampson HA, Schnadt S, Södergren E, Taylor SL, Remington BC. 2021 Peanut can be used as a reference allergen for hazard characterization in food allergen risk management: A rapid evidence assessment and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. S2213-2198(21)00907-7.
Stafford A, Bartra J, Aston A, Mills ENC, Fernandez-Rivas M, Turner PJ. Improving Severity Scoring of Food-Induced Allergic Reactions: A Global "Best-Worst Scaling" Exercise. 2021 J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. S2213-2198(21)00789-3.
Turner PJ, d'Art YM, Duca B, Chastell SA, Marco-Martin G, Vera-Berrios RN, Alvarez O, Bazire R, Rodríguez Del Río P, Vazquez-Ortiz M, Baumert JL, van Ree R, Mills CEN, Fernandez-Rivas M, Hourihane JO. 2021 Single-dose oral challenges to validate eliciting doses in children with cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 10.1111/pai.13482.
Geisslitz S, Shewry P, Brouns F, America AHP, Caio GPI, Daly M, D'Amico S, De Giorgio R, Gilissen L, Grausgruber H, Huang X, Jonkers D, Keszthelyi D, Larré C, Masci S, Mills C, Møller MS, Sorrells ME, Svensson B, Zevallos VF, Weegels PL. 2021 Wheat ATIs: Characteristics and Role in Human Disease. Front Nutr. 8:667370.
Sigurdardottir ST, Jonasson K, Clausen M, Lilja Bjornsdottir K, Sigurdardottir SE, Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Papadopoulos NG, Xepapadaki P, Fiandor A, Quirce S, Sprikkelman AB, Hulshof L, Kowalski ML, Kurowski M, Dubakiene R, Rudzeviciene O, Bellach J, Yürek S, Reich A, Erhard SM, Couch P, Rivas MF, van Ree R, Mills C, Grabenhenrich L, Beyer K, Keil T. 2021 Prevalence and early-life risk factors of school-age allergic multimorbidity: The EuroPrevall-iFAAM birth cohort. Allergy. doi: 10.1111/all.14857. Online ahead of print.
Pilolli R, Van Poucke C, De Angelis E, Nitride C, de Loose M, Gillard N, Huet AC, Tranquet O, Larré C, Adel-Patient K, Bernard H, Mills ENC, Monaci L. 2021 Discovery based high resolution MS/MS analysis for selection of allergen markers in chocolate and broth powder matrices. Food Chem. 343:128533.
Fernandez A, Mills ENC, Koning F, Moreno FJ. 2021 Allergenicity Assessment of Novel Food Proteins: What Should Be Improved? Trends Biotechnol. 39:4-8.
Lyons SA, Knulst AC, Burney PGJ, Fernandez-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber BK, Barreales L, Bieli C, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernandez-Perez C, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Kummeling I, Kralimarkova T, Mustakov TB, van Os-Medendorp H, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Potts J, Versteeg SA, Xepapadaki P, Welsing PMJ, Mills C, van Ree R, Le TM. 2021 Predicting food allergy: The value of patient history reinforced. Allergy. May;76(5):1454-1462.
Lyons SA, Datema MR, Le TM, Asero R, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernández-Perez C, Fritsche P, Gislason D, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Jongejan L, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova TZ, Lidholm J, Papadopoulos NG, Pontoppidan B, Popov TA, Prado ND, Purohit A, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Vassilopoulou E, Versteeg SA, Vieths S, Zwinderman AH, Welsing PMJ, Mills ENC, Ballmer-Weber BK, Knulst AC, Fernández-Rivas M, Van Ree R. 2021 Walnut Allergy Across Europe: Distribution of Allergen Sensitization Patterns and Prediction of Severity. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 9(1):225-235.
Ruiz-Garcia M, Bartra J, Alvarez O, Lakhani A, Patel S, Tang A, Sim M, Shamji MH, Skypala I, Mills ENC, Lyon AR, Hayward C, Durham SR, Turner PJ, Boyle RJ. 2021 Cardiovascular changes during peanut-induced allergic reactions in human subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 147(2):633-642
Daly M, Bromilow SN, Nitride C, Shewry PR, Gethings LA, Mills ENC. 2020 Mapping Coeliac Toxic Motifs in the Prolamin Seed Storage Proteins of Barley, Rye, and Oats Using a Curated Sequence Database. Front Nutr7:87. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00087. eCollection 2020.
Lyons SA, Clausen M, Knulst AC, Ballmer-Weber BK, Fernandez-Rivas M, Barreales L, Bieli C, Dubakiene R, Fernandez-Perez C, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Kummeling I, Mustakov TB, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Xepapadaki P, Welsing PMJ, Potts J, Mills ENC, van Ree R, Burney PGJ, Le TM. 2020 Prevalence of Food Sensitization and Food Allergy in Children across Europe. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 8:2736-2746.
Grabenhenrich L., Trendelenburg V, Bellach J, Yurek S, Reich A, Fiandor A, Rivero D, Sigurdardottir S, Clausen M, Papadopoulos NG, Xepapadaki P, Sprikkelman AB, Dontje B, Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Kowalski ML, Kurowski M, Dubakiene R, Rudzeviciene O, Fernandez-Rivas M, Couch P, Versteeg SA, Van Ree R, Mills C, Keil T, Beyer K. 2020. Frequency of food allergy in school-aged children in eight European countries-The EuroPrevall-iFAAM birth cohort. Allergy. 75:2294-23.
Struwe W, Emmott E, Bailey M, Sharon M, Sinz A, Corrales FJ, Thalassinos K, Braybrook J, Mills C, and Barran, P. 2020 The COVID-19 MS Coalition-accelerating diagnostics, prognostics, and treatment. Lancet 395, 1761-1762.
Rao H, Baricevic I, Bernard H, Smith F, Sayers R, Balasundaram A, Costello CA, Padfield P, Semic-Jusufagic A, Simpson A, Adel-Patient K, Xue W, Mills ENC. 2020 The Effect of the Food Matrix on the In Vitro Bio-Accessibility and IgE Reactivity of Peanut Allergens. Mol Nutr Food Res 64, e1901093.
Fernandez A, Mills ENC, Koning F, Moreno FJ. 2019 Safety Assessment of Immune-Mediated Adverse Reactions to Novel Food Proteins.Trends Biotechnol. 37:796-800.
Venter C, Meyer RW, Nwaru BI, Roduit C, Untersmayr E, Adel-Patient K, Agache I, Agostoni C, Akdis CA, Bischoff SC, Du Toit G, Feeney M, Frei R, Garn H, Greenhawt M, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Lunjani N, Maslin K, Mills C, Muraro A, Pali-Scholl I, Poulson LK, Reese I, Renz H, Roberts GC, Smith P, Smolinska S, Sokolowska M, Stanton C, Vlieg-Boerstra B, O'Mahony L. 2019. EAACI position paper: Influence of dietary fatty acids on asthma, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 74:1429-1444.
Roberts G, Allen K, Ballmer-Weber B, Clark A, Crevel R, Dunn Galvin A, Fernandez-Rivas M, Grimshaw KEC, Hourihane JO, Poulsen LK, van Ree R, Regent L, Remington B, Schnadt S, Turner PJ, Mills ENC. 2019 Identifying and managing patients at risk of severe allergic reactions to food: report from two iFAAM workshops. Clin Exp Allergy. 49: 1558-1566.
Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Beyer KK, Boyle R, Lack G, Austin M, Garcia-Larsen V, Grabenhenrich L, Halken S, Keil T, Madsen C, Regent L, Schnadt S, Szajewska H, van Ree R, Mills ENC. 2019 Can dietary strategies in early life prevent childhood food allergy? A report from two iFAAM workshops. Clin Exp Allergy. 49: 1567-1577.
DunnGalvin A, Roberts G, Schnadt S, Astley S, Austin M, Blom WM, Baumert J, Chan CH, Crevel RWR, Grimshaw KEC, Kruizinga AG, Regent L, Taylor S, Walker M, Mills ENC.2019 Evidence-based approaches to the application of precautionary allergen labelling: Report from two iFAAM workshops. Clin Exp Allergy. 49:1191-1200.
Fernandez A, Mills ENC, Koning F, Moreno FJ. 2019 Safety assessment of immune-mediated adverse reactions to novel food proteins. Trends Biotechnol. 37:796-800.
Mills ENC, Adel-Patient K, Bernard H, De Loose M, Gillard N, Huet AC, Larré C, Nitride C, Pilolli R, Tranquet O, Pouke CV, Monaci L. 2019 Detection and Quantification of Allergens in Foods and Minimum Eliciting Doses in Food-Allergic Individuals (ThRAll). J AOAC Int. 102:1346-1353.
Lyons SA, Knulst AC, Burney PGJ, Fernández-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber BK, Barreales L, Bieli C, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernández-Perez C, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Kummeling I, Mustakov TB, van Os-Medendorp H, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Potts J, Xepapadaki P, Welsing PMJ, Mills ENC, van Ree R, Le TM. 2019 Predictors of Food Sensitization in Children and Adults Across Europe. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 7:1920-1928.
Hands CM, Sayers RL, Nitride C, Gethings LA, Mills ENC. 2020. A multiple reaction monitoring method for determining peanut (Arachis hypogea) allergens in serum using quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem. 412: 2815-2827.
Pilolli R, Nitride C, Gillard N, Huet AC, van Poucke C, De Loose M, Tranquet O, Larre C, Adel-Patient K, Bernard H, Mills ENC, Monaci L. 2020. Critical review on proteotypic peptide marker tracing for six allergenic ingredients in incurred foods by mass spectrometry. Food Res Int. 128:108747.
Brough HA, Mills ENC, Richards K, Lack G, Johnson PE. 2020 Mass spectrometry confirmation that clinically important peanut protein allergens are present in household dust. Allergy. 75:709-712.
Perkin MR, Logan K, Bahnson HT, Marrs T, Radulovic S, Craven J, Flohr C, Mills ENC, Versteeg, S. A., van Ree, R, Lack, G. 2019. Efficacy of the enquiring about tolerance (EAT) study among infants at high risk of developing food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 144: 1606-1614.
Perkin MR, Bahnson HT, Logan K, Marrs T, Radulovic S, Knibb R, Craven J, Flohr C, Mills ENC, Versteeg SA, van Ree R, Lack G. 2019. Factors influencing adherence in a trial of early introduction of allergenic food. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 144: 1595-1605.
Li J, Ogorodova LM, Mahesh PA, Wang MH, Fedorova OS, Leung TF, Fernandez-Rivas M, Mills ENC, Potts J, Kummeling I, Versteeg SA, van Ree R, Yazdanbakhsh M, Burney PGJ, Wong GWK. 2019 Comparative study of food allergies in children from China, India, and Russia: The EuroPrevall-INCO Surveys. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract.10.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.042
Grimshaw KEC, Roberts G, Selby A, Reich A, Butiene I, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fiandor A, Fiocchi A, Grabenhenrich LB, Larco JI, Kowalski ML, Rudzeviciene O, Papadopoulos NG, Rosenfeld L, Sigurdardottir ST, Sprikkelman AB, Schoemaker AA, Xepapadaki P, Mills ENC, Keil T, Beyer K. 2019. Risk factors for hen's egg allergy in Europe: EuroPrevall birth cohort. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.040
Lyons SA, Burney PGJ, Ballmer-Weber BK, Fernandez-Rivas M, Barreales L, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fernandez-Perez C, Fritsche P, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Kummeling I, Mustakov TB, Lebens AFM, van Os-Medendorp H, Papadopoulos NG, Popov TA, Sakellariou A, Welsing PMJ, Potts J, Mills ENC, van Ree R, Knulst AC, Le TM. 2019 Food allergy in adults: substantial variation in prevalence and causative foods across Europe. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 7:1920-1928.
Dua S, Ruiz-Garcia M, Bond S, Durham SR, Kimber I, Mills C, Roberts G, Skypala I, Wason J, Ewan P, Boyle R, Clark A. 2019 The effect of sleep deprivation and exercise on reaction threshold in peanut-allergic adults: a randomised controlled study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 144 (6), 1584-1594.
Gouseti O, Lovegrove A, Kosik O, Fryer PJ, Mills C, Gates F, Tucker G, Latty C, Shewry P, Bakalis S. 2019 Exploring the Role of Cereal Dietary Fiber in Digestion. J Agric Food Chem. 67:8419-8424.
Larsen LF, Juel-Berg N, Hansen A, Hansen KS, Mills ENC, van Ree R, Rådinger M, Poulsen LK, Jensen BM. 2018 No difference in human mast cells derived from peanut allergic versus non-allergic subjects. Immun. Inflamm. Dis. 6:416-427
Selby A, Munro A, Grimshaw KE, Cornelius V, Keil T, Grabenhenrich L, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Fiocchi A, Kowalski ML, Papadopoulos NG, Reche M, Sigurdardottir ST, Sprikkelman AB, Xepapadaki P, Mills ENC, Beyer K, Roberts G.2018 Prevalence estimates and risk factors for early childhood wheeze across Europe: the EuroPrevall birth cohort. Thorax. 73:1049-1061.
Muraro A, Fernandez-Rivas M, Beyer K, Cardona V, Clark A, Eller E, Hourihane JO, Jutel M, Sheikh A, Agache I, Allen KJ, Angier E, Ballmer-Weber B, Bilò MB, Bindslev-Jensen C, Camargo CA Jr, Cianferoni A, DunnGalvin A, Eigenmann PA, Halken S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Lau S, Nilsson C, Poulsen LK, Rueff F, Spergel J, Sturm G, Timmermans F, Torres MJ, Turner P, van Ree R, Wickman M, Worm M, Mills ENC, Roberts G. 2018 The urgent need for a harmonized severity scoring system for acute allergic reactions. Allergy. 73:1792-1800.
Bahri, R., Custovic, A., Korosec, P., Tsoumani, M., Barron, M., Wu, J., Sayers, R., Weimann, A., Ruiz-Garcia, M., Patel, N., Robb, A., Shamji, M. H., Fontanella, S., Silar, M., Mills, E. N. C., Simpson, A., Turner, P. J., & Bulfone-Paus, S. 2018. Mast cell activation test in the diagnosis of allergic disease and anaphylaxis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 142:485-496.
Sayers RL, Gethings LA, Lee V, Balasundaram A, Johnson PE, Marsh JA, Wallace A, Brown H, Rogers A, Langridge JI, Mills ENC. 2018 Microfluidic Separation Coupled to Mass Spectrometry for Quantification of Peanut Allergens in a Complex Food Matrix. J Proteome Res. 17:647-655.
Datema, M. R., van Ree, R., Asero, R., Barreales, L., Belohlavkova, S., de Blay, F., Clausen, M., Dubakiene, R., Fernandez-Perez, C., Fritsche, P., Gislason, D., Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K., Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, M., Jongejan, L., Knulst, A. C., Kowalski, M., Kralimarkova, T. Z., Le, T. M., Lidholm, J., Papadopoulos, N. G., Popov, T. A., del Prado, N., Purohit, A., Reig, I., Seneviratne, S. L., Sinaniotis, A., Versteeg, S. A., Vieths, S., Zwinderman, A. H., Mills, E. N. C., Fernandez-Rivas, M., & Ballmer-Weber, B. 2018. Component-resolved diagnosis and beyond: Multivariable regression models to predict severity of hazelnut allergy. Allergy. 73: 549-559.
Larsen, L. F.; Juel-Berg, N.; Hansen, K. S.; Mills, E. N. C.; van Ree, R.; Poulsen, L. K.; Jensen, B. M., 2018 A comparative study on basophil activation test, histamine release assay, and passive sensitization histamine release assay in the diagnosis of peanut allergy. Allergy. 73: 137-144.
Nitride C, Lee V, Baricevic-Jones I, Adel-Patient K, Baumgartner S, Mills ENC. 2018 Integrating Allergen Analysis Within a Risk Assessment Framework: Approaches to Development of Targeted Mass Spectrometry Methods for Allergen Detection and Quantification in the iFAAM Project. J AOAC Int. 101:83-90.
Bromilow, S.; Gethings, L. A.; Buckley, M.; Bromley, M.; Shewry, P. R.; Langridge, J. I.; Mills, E. N.C., 2017 A curated gluten protein sequence database to support development of proteomics methods for determination of gluten in gluten-free foods. J Proteomics 163:67-75.
Javed, B.; Padfield, P.; Sperrin, M.; Simpson, A.; Mills, E. N. C., 2017 A protocol for a systematic review to identify allergenic tree nuts and the molecules responsible for their allergenic properties. Food Chem. Toxicol. 106, (Pt A), 411-416.
Sorensen, M.; Kuehn, A.; Mills, E. N. C.; Costello, C. A.; Ollert, M.; Smabrekke, L.; Primicerio, R.; Wickman, M.; Klingenberg, C., 2017.Cross-reactivity in fish allergy: A double-blind, placebo-controlled food-challenge trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 140:1170-1172.
Selb R, Wal JM, Moreno FJ, Lovik M, Mills C, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Fernandez A. 2017 Assessment of endogenous allergenicity of genetically modified plants exemplified by soybean - Where do we stand? Food Chem Toxicol. 101:139-148.
Bromilow SN, Gethings LA, Langridge JI, Shewry PR, Buckley M, Bromley MJ, Mills ENC. 2017 Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Wheat Gluten Using a Combination of Data-Independent and Data-Dependent Acquisition. Front Plant Sci. 7:2020.
Grimshaw K, Logan K, O'Donovan S, Kiely M, Patient K, van Bilsen J, Beyer K, Campbell DE, Garcia-Larsen V, Grabenhenrich L, Lack G, Mills C, Wal JM, Roberts G. 2017 Modifying the infant's diet to prevent food allergy. Arch Dis Child. 102:179-186.
Grabenhenrich LB, Reich A, Bellach J, Trendelenburg V, Sprikkelman AB, Roberts G, Grimshaw KE, Sigurdardottir S, Kowalski ML, Papadopoulos NG, Quirce S, Dubakiene R, Niggemann B, Fernández-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber B, van Ree R, Schnadt S, Mills ENC, Keil T, Beyer K 2016. .A new framework for the documentation and interpretation of oral food challenges in population-based and clinical research. Allergy. 72(3):453-461.
Mahesh PA, Wong GW, Ogorodova L, Potts J, Leung TF, Fedorova O, Holla AD, Fernandez-Rivas M, Mills ENC, Kummeling I, Versteeg SA, van Ree R, Yazdanbakhsh M, Burney P Prevalence of food sensitization and probable food allergy among adults in India: the EuroPrevall INCO study.2016 Allergy. 71(7):1010-9.
Abdullah SU, Alexeev Y, Johnson PE, Rigby NM, Mackie AR, Dhaliwal B, Mills ENC. 2016. Ligand binding to an Allergenic Lipid Transfer Protein Enhances Conformational Flexibility resulting in an Increase in Susceptibility to Gastroduodenal Proteolysis. Sci Rep. 2016 6:30279.
Johnson PE, Sayers RL, Gethings LA, Balasundaram A, Marsh JT, Langridge JI, Mills ENC. 2016. Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Peanut Allergens in Food Ingredients Used for Oral Food Challenges. Anal Chem.88:5689-95.
Sayers RL, Johnson PE, Marsh JT, Barran P, Brown H, Mills ENC 2016 The effect of thermal processing on the behaviour of peanut allergen peptide targets used in multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry experiments. Analyst.141(13):4130-41.
Downs ML, Baumert JL, Taylor SL, Mills ENC. 2016.Mass spectrometric analysis of allergens in roasted walnuts. J Proteomics. 142:62-9.
Turner PJ, Baumert JL, Beyer K, Boyle RJ, Chan CH, Clark AT, Crevel RW, DunnGalvin A, Fernández-Rivas M, Gowland MH, Grabenhenrich L, Hardy S, Houben GF, O'B Hourihane J, Muraro A, Poulsen LK, Pyrz K, Remington BC, Schnadt S, van Ree R, Venter C, Worm M, Mills ENC, Roberts G, Ballmer-Weber BK. Can we identify patients at risk of life-threatening allergic reactions to food? 2016 Allergy. 71:1241-55.
Walker MJ, Burns DT, Elliott CT, Gowland MH, Mills ENC. 2016 Is food allergen analysis flawed? Health and supply chain risks and a proposed framework to address urgent analytical needs. Analyst. 141:24-35.
Downs ML, Simpson A, Custovic A, Semic-Jusufagic A, Bartra J, Fernandez-Rivas M, Taylor SL, Baumert JL, Mills ENC. 2016 Insoluble and soluble roasted walnut proteins retain antibody reactivity. Food Chem. 194:1013-21.
Smith F, Pan X, Bellido V, Toole GA, Gates FK, Wickham MS, Shewry PR, Bakalis S, Padfield P, Mills ENC. 2015 Digestibility of gluten proteins is reduced by baking and enhanced by starch digestion. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 59:2034-43.
Schoemaker AA, Sprikkelman AB, Grimshaw KE, Roberts G, Grabenhenrich L, Rosenfeld L, Siegert S, Dubakiene R, Rudzeviciene O, Reche M, Fiandor A, Papadopoulos NG, Malamitsi-Puchner A, Fiocchi A, Dahdah L, Sigurdardottir ST, Clausen M, Stańczyk-Przyłuska A, Zeman K, Mills ENC, McBride D, Keil T, Beyer K. 2015 Incidence and natural history of challenge-proven cow's milk allergy in European children--EuroPrevall birth cohort.Allergy. 70:963-72.
Simpson A, Lazic N, Belgrave DC, Johnson P, Bishop C, Mills C, Custovic A.2015 Patterns of IgE responses to multiple allergen components and clinical symptoms at age 11 years.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 136:1224-31.
Munro C, Semic-Jusufagic A, Pyrz K, Couch P, Dunn-Galvin A, Peek N, Themis M, Mills C, Buchan I, Hourihane J, Simpson A. 2015 An eHealth Approach to Reporting Allergic Reactions to Food and Closing the Knowledge Gap.Stud Health Technol Inform. 216:320-4.
Blanc F, Bernard H, Ah-Leung S, Przybylski-Nicaise L, Skov PS, Purohit A, de Blay F, Ballmer-Weber B, Fritsche P, Rivas MF, Reig I, Sinaniotis A, Vassilopoulou E, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Vieths S, Rigby N, Mills C, 2015 Adel-Patient K. Further studies on the biological activity of hazelnut allergens.Clin Transl Allergy.5:26
Ballmer-Weber BK, Fernandez-Rivas M, Beyer K, Defernez M, Sperrin M, Mackie AR, Salt LJ, Hourihane JO, Asero R, Belohlavkova S, Kowalski M, de Blay F, Papadopoulos NG, Clausen M, Knulst AC, Roberts G, Popov T, Sprikkelman AB, Dubakiene R, Vieths S, van Ree R, Crevel R, Mills ENC. 2015 How much is too much?: Threshold dose distributions for 5 food allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 135:964-71.
Datema MR, Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Asero R, Barreales L, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Bures P, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Gislason D, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Knulst AC, Kralimarkova T, Le TM, Lovegrove A, Marsh J, Papadopoulos NG, Popov T, Del Prado N, Purohit A, Reese G, Reig I, Seneviratne SL, Sinaniotis A, Versteeg SA, Vieths S, Zwinderman AH, Mills C, Lidholm J, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Fernández-Rivas M, Ballmer-Weber B, van Ree R 2015 Hazelnut allergy across Europe dissected molecularly: A EuroPrevall outpatient clinic survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 136:382-91.
Ballmer-Weber BK, Lidholm J, Fernández-Rivas M, Seneviratne S, Hanschmann KM, Vogel L, Bures P, Fritsche P, Summers C, Knulst AC, Le TM, Reig I, Papadopoulos NG, Sinaniotis A, Belohlavkova S, Popov T, Kralimarkova T, de Blay F, Purohit A, Clausen M, Jedrzejczak-Czechowcz M, Kowalski ML, Asero R, Dubakiene R, Barreales L, Mills EN, van Ree R, Vieths S. 2015 IgE recognition patterns in peanut allergy are age dependent: perspectives of the EuroPrevall study. Allergy 70:391-407.
Fernández-Rivas M, Barreales L, Mackie AR, Fritsche P, Vázquez-Cortés S, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Clausen M, Gislason D, Sinaniotis A, Kompoti E, Le TM, Knulst AC, Purohit A, de Blay F, Kralimarkova T, Popov T, Asero R, Belohlavkova S, Seneviratne SL, Dubakiene R, Lidholm J, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Burney P, Crevel R, Brill M, Fernández-Pérez C, Vieths S, Clare Mills EN, van Ree R, Ballmer-Weber BK 2015 The EuroPrevall outpatient clinic study on food allergy: background and methodology. Allergy. 70(5):576-84
Le TM, van Hoffen E, Kummeling I, Potts J, Ballmer-Weber BK, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA, Lebens AF, Lidholm J, Lindner TM, Mackie A, Mills EC, van Ree R, Vieths S, Fernández-Rivas M, Burney PG, Knulst AC 2015 Food allergy in the Netherlands: differences in clinical severity, causative foods, sensitization and DBPCFC between community and outpatients. Clin. Transl. Allergy. 25;5:8.
Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Huber H, Swoboda I, Rigby N, Versteeg SA, Jensen BM, Quaak S, Akkerdaas JH, Blom L, Asturias J, Bindslev-Jensen C, Bernardi ML, Clausen M, Ferrara R, Hauer M, Heyse J, Kopp S, Kowalski ML, Lewandowska-Polak A, Linhart B, Maderegger B, Maillere B, Mari A, Martinez A, Mills EN, Neubauer A, Nicoletti C, Papadopoulos NG, Portoles A, Ranta-Panula V, Santos-Magadan S, Schnoor HJ, Sigurdardottir ST, Stahl-Skov P, Stavroulakis G, Stegfellner G, Vázquez-Cortés S, Witten M, Stolz F, Poulsen LK, Fernandez-Rivas M, Valenta R, van Ree R. 2015 Development of a hypoallergenic recombinant parvalbumin for first-in-man subcutaneous immunotherapy of fish allergy. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 166:41-51.
Turner PJ, Mehr S, Sayers R, Wong M, Shamji MH, Campbell DE, Mills ENC. 2014 Loss of allergenic proteins during boiling explains tolerance to boiled peanut in peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin. Immunol. 134:751-3.
Downs ML, Semic-Jusufagic A, Simpson A, Bartra J, Fernandez-Rivas M, Rigby NM, Taylor SL, Baumert JL, Mills EN. 2014 Characterization of low molecular weight allergens from English walnut (Juglans regia). J Agric. Food Chem. 62:11767-75.
Dang TD, Mills CE, Allen KJ.(2014) Determination of the clinical egg allergy phenotypes using component-resolved diagnostics. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 25:639-43.
Kroghsbo S, Rigby NM, Johnson PE, Adel-Patient K, Bøgh KL, Salt LJ, Mills ENC, Madsen CB. 2014 Assessment of the sensitizing potential of processed peanut proteins in Brown Norway rats: roasting does not enhance allergenicity. PLoS One 9:e96475.
Burney PG, Potts J, Kummeling I, Mills ENC, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Barreales L, Fernandez-Perez C, Fernandez-Rivas M, Le TM, Knulst AC, Kowalski ML, Lidholm J, Ballmer-Weber BK, Braun-Fahlander C, Mustakov T, Kralimarkova T, Popov T, Sakellariou A, Papadopoulos NG, Versteeg SA, Zuidmeer L, Akkerdaas JH, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, van Ree R. 2014 The prevalence and distribution of food sensitization in European adults. Allergy. 69:365-71.
Bøgh KL, Nielsen H, Eiwegger T, Madsen CB, Mills ENC, Rigby NM, Szépfalusi Z, Roggen EL. 2014 IgE versus IgG4 epitopes of the peanut allergen Ara h 1 in patients with severe allergy. Mol. Immunol.58:169-76.
Grimshaw KE, Maskell J, Oliver EM, Morris RC, Foote KD, Mills ENC, Margetts BM, Roberts G. 2014 Diet and food allergy development during infancy: Birth cohort study findings using prospective food diary data. J Allergy Clin. Immunol. 133:511-9.
Johnson PE, Rigby NM, Dainty JR, Mackie AR, Immer UU, Rogers A, Titchener P, Shoji M, Ryan A, Mata L, Brown H, Holzhauser T, Dumont V, Wykes JA, Walker M, Griffin J, White J, Taylor G, Popping B, Crevel R, Miguel S, Lutter P, Gaskin F, Koerner TB, Clarke D, Sherlock R, Flanagan A, Chan CH, Mills ENC. 2014 A multi-laboratory evaluation of a clinically-validated incurred quality control material for analysis of allergens in food. Food Chem. 148:30-6.
Grimshaw KE, Maskell J, Oliver EM, Morris RC, Foote KD, Mills ENC, Roberts G, Margetts BM. 2013 Introduction of complementary foods and the relationship to food allergy. Pediatrics. 132(6):e1529-38.
Nitride C, Mamone G, Picariello G, Mills C, Nocerino R, Berni Canani R, Ferranti P. 2013 Proteomic and immunological characterization of a new food allergen from hazelnut (Corylus avellana).J. Proteomics. 86:16-26.
Berecz B, Mills ENC, Parádi I, Láng F, Tamás L,. Shewry PR, Mackie AR. 2013 Stability of sunflower 2S albumins and LTP to physiologically relevant in vitro gastrointestinal digestion Food Chem. 138: 2374-2381.
Fernandez A, Mills ENC, Lovik M, Spoek A, Germini A, Mikalsen A, Wal JM. 2013 Endogenous allergens and compositional analysis in the allergenicity assessment of genetically modified plants. Food Chem. Toxicol.62C:1-6.
Fox M, Mugford M, Voordouw J, Cornelisse-Vermaat J, Antonides G, de la Hoz Caballer B, Cerecedo I, Zamora J, Rokicka E, Jewczak M, Clark AB, Kowalski ML, Papadopoulos N, Knulst AC, Seneviratne S, Belohlavkova S, Asero R, de Blay F, Purohit A, Clausen M, Flokstra de Blok B, Dubois AE, Fernandez-Rivas M, Burney P, Frewer LJ, Mills C. 2013 Health sector costs of self-reported food allergy in Europe: a patient-based cost of illness study. Eur. J. Public Health. 23(5):757-62.
Le TM, Bublin M, Breiteneder H, Fernández-Rivas M, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barreales L, Bures P, Belohlavkova S, de Blay F, Clausen M, Dubakiene R, Gislason D, van Hoffen E, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz M, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Lidholm J, DeWitt AM, Mills C, Papadopoulos NG, Popov T, Purohit A, van Ree R, Seneviratne S, Sinaniotis A, Summers C, Vázquez-Cortés S, Vieths S, Vogel L, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Knulst AC. 2013 Kiwifruit allergy across Europe: clinical manifestation and IgE recognition patterns to kiwifruit allergens. J Allergy Clin. Immunol. 131:164-71.
Toole GA, Selvatico E, Salt LJ, Le Gall G, Colquhoun IJ, Wellner N, Shewry PR, Mills ENC. 2013 Effect of Dough Mixing on Wheat Endosperm Cell Walls. J Agric. Food Chem. 13; 61:2522-9.
Macierzanka A, Böttger F, Rigby NM, Lille M, Poutanen K, Mills ENC, Mackie AR. 2012 Enzymatically structured emulsions in simulated gastrointestinal environment: impact on interfacial proteolysis and diffusion in intestinal mucus. Langmuir. 18;28:17349-62.
Mackie A, Knulst A, Le TM, Bures P, Salt L, Mills ENC, Malcolm P, Andreou A, Ballmer-Weber BK 2012 High fat food increases gastric residence and thus thresholds for objective symptoms in allergic patients. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 56:1708-14.
Macierzanka A, Böttger F, Rigby NM, Lille M, Poutanen K, Mills ENC, Mackie AR 2012 Enzymatically structured emulsions in simulated gastrointestinal environment: impact on interfacial proteolysis and diffusion in intestinal mucus. Langmuir. 28:17349-62.
Round AN, Rigby NM, Garcia de la Torre A, Macierzanka A, Mills ENC, Mackie AR. 2012 Lamellar Structures of MUC2-Rich Mucin: A Potential Role in Governing the Barrier and Lubricating Functions of Intestinal Mucus. Biomacromolecules 13:3253-61.
Alessandri S, Sancho A, Vieths S, Mills C, Wal JM, Shewry PR, Rigby N, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. 2012 High-throughput NMR assessment of the tertiary structure of food allergens. PLoS One. 7:e39785.
Shewry P. R., Mitchell R. A., Tosi P., Wan Y., Underwood C., Lovegrove A., Freeman J., Toole G. A., Mills E. N. C., Ward J. L. 2012 An integrated study of grain development of wheat (cv Hereward). J. Cereal Sci. 56:21-30.
Bøgh KL, Nielsen H, Madsen CB, Mills ENC, Rigby N, Eiwegger T, Szépfalusi Z, Roggen EL. 2012 IgE epitopes of intact and digested Ara h 1: A comparative study in humans and rats. Mol. Immunol. 51:337-46.
Bøgh KL, Barkholt V, Rigby NM, Mills ENC, Madsen CB. 2012 Digested Ara h 1 loses sensitizing capacity when separated into fractions. J. Agric. Food Chem. 60:2934-42.
Cochrane SA, Salt LJ, Wantling E, Rogers A, Coutts J, Ballmer-Weber BK, Fritsche P, Fernández-Rivas M, Reig I, Knulst A, Le TM, Asero R, Beyer K, Golding M, Crevel R, Mills ENC, Mackie AR. 2012 Development of a standardized low-dose double-blind placebo-controlled challenge vehicle for the EuroPrevall project. Allergy. 67:107-13.
McBride D, Keil T, Grabenhenrich L, Dubakiene R, Drasutiene G, Fiocchi A, Dahdah L, Sprikkelman AB, Schoemaker AA, Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Kowalski ML, Stanczyk-Przyluska A, Sigurdardottir S, Clausen M, Papadopoulos NG, Mitsias D, Rosenfeld L, Reche M, Pascual C, Reich A, Hourihane J, Wahn U, Mills ENC, Mackie A, Beyer K. 2012. The EuroPrevall birth cohort study on food allergy: baseline characteristics of 12,000 newborns and their families from nine European countries. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 23:230-9.
Madsen CB, Hattersley S, Allen KJ, Beyer K, Chan CH, Godefroy SB, Hodgson R, Mills ENC, Muñoz-Furlong A, Schnadt S, Ward R, Wickman M, Crevel R. 2012 Can we define a tolerable level of risk in food allergy? Report from a EuroPrevall/UK Food Standards Agency workshop. Clin Exp Allergy. 42:30-7.
Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Fernandez-Rivas M, Poulsen LK, Neubauer A, Asturias J, Blom L, Boye J, Bindslev-Jensen C, Clausen M, Ferrara R, Garosi P, Huber H, Jensen BM, Koppelman S, Kowalski ML, Lewandowska-Polak A, Linhart B, Maillere B, Mari A, Martinez A, Mills C, Nicoletti C, Opstelten DJ, Papadopoulos NG, Portoles A, Rigby N, Scala E, Schnoor HJ, Sigursdottir S, Stavroulakis G, Stolz F, Swoboda I, Valenta R, van den Hout R, Versteeg SA, Witten M, van Ree R. 2012 FAST: Towards safe and effective subcutaneous immunotherapy of persistent life-threatening food allergies. Clin. Transl. Allergy. 9;2:5.
Blanc F, Vissers YM, Adel-Patient K, Rigby NM, Mackie AR, Gunning AP, Wellner NK, Skov PS, Przybylski-Nicaise L, Ballmer-Weber B, Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Szépfalusi Z, Ruinemans-Koerts J, Jansen AP, Bernard H, Wal JM, Savelkoul HF, Wichers HJ, Mills ENC. 2011 Boiling peanut Ara h 1 results in the formation of aggregates with reduced allergenicity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 55:1887-94.
Vissers YM, Iwan M, Adel-Patient K, Stahl Skov P, Rigby NM, Johnson PE, Mandrup Müller P, Przybylski-Nicaise L, Schaap M, Ruinemans-Koerts J, Jansen AP, Mills ENC, Savelkoul HF, Wichers HJ. 2011. Effect of roasting on the allergenicity of major peanut allergens Ara h 1 and Ara h 2/6: the necessity of degranulation assays. Clin Exp Allergy. 41:1631-42.
Johnson P, Philo M, Watson A, Mills ENC. 2011 Rapid fingerprinting of milk thermal processing history by intact protein mass spectrometry with nondenaturing chromatography. J Agric Food Chem. 59:12420-7.
McBride D, Keil T, Grabenhenrich L, Dubakiene R, Drasutiene G, Fiocchi A, Dahdah L, Sprikkelman AB, Schoemaker AA, Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Kowalski ML, Stanczyk-Przyluska A, Sigurdardottir S, Clausen M, Papadopoulos NG, Mitsias D, Rosenfeld L, Reche M, Pascual C, Reich A, Hourihane J, Wahn U, Mills ENC, Mackie A, Beyer K. 2011The EuroPrevall birth cohort study on food allergy: baseline characteristics of 12,000 newborns and their families from nine European countries. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01254.x
Sancho AI, Wangorsch A, Jensen BM, Watson A, Alexeev Y, Johnson PE, Mackie AR, Neubauer A, Reese G, Ballmer-Weber B, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Skov PS, Vieths S, Mills ENC. 2011 Responsiveness of the major birch allergen Bet v 1 scaffold to the gastric environment: Impact on structure and allergenic activity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 55(11):1690-9.
Toole GA, Le Gall G, Colquhoun IJ, Johnson P, Bedo Z, Saulnier L, Shewry PR, Mills ENC. 2011 Spectroscopic analysis of diversity of Arabinoxylan structures in endosperm cell walls of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) in the HEALTHGRAIN diversity collection. J Agric Food Chem. 59:7075-82.
Bossios A, Theodoropoulou M, Mondoulet L, Rigby NM, Papadopoulos NG, Bernard H, Adel-Patient K, Wal JM, Mills C, Papageorgiou P. 2011 Effect of simulated gastro-duodenal digestion on the allergenic reactivity of beta-lactoglobulin. Clin Transl Allergy. 1:6.
Vissers YM, Blanc F, Skov PS, Johnson PE, Rigby NM, Przybylski-Nicaise L, Bernard H, Wal JM, Ballmer-Weber B, Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Szépfalusi Z, Ruinemans-Koerts J, Jansen AP, Savelkoul HF, Wichers HJ, Mackie AR, Mills ENC, Adel-Patient K.2011 Effect of Heating and Glycation on the Allergenicity of 2S Albumins (Ara h 2/6) from Peanut. PLoS One. 6(8):e23998.
Opanowicz M, Hands P, Betts D, Parker ML, Toole GA, Mills ENC, Doonan JH, Drea S. 2011 Endosperm development in Brachypodium distachyon. J Exp Bot. 62:735-48.
Defernez M, Mandalari G, Mills ENC. 2010 Quantitative assessment of multi-laboratory reproducibility of SDS-PAGE assays: Digestion pattern of beta-casein and beta-lactoglobulin under simulated conditions. Electrophoresis. 31:2838-48.
Toole GA, Le Gall G, Colquhoun IJ, Nemeth C, Saulnier L, Lovegrove A, Pellny T, Wilkinson MD, Freeman J, Mitchell RA, Mills ENC, Shewry PR 2010 Temporal and spatial changes in cell wall composition in developing grains of wheat cv. Hereward. Planta. 232:677-89
Johnson PE, Van der Plancken I, Balasa A, Husband FA, Grauwet T, Hendrickx M, Knorr D, Mills ENC, Mackie AR. 2010 High pressure, thermal and pulsed electric-field-induced structural changes in selected food allergens. Mol Nutr Food Res. 54:1701-10.
Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Alexeev Y, Johnson P, Marsh J, Sancho AI, Abdullah SU, Mackie AR, Shewry PR, Smith LJ, Mills ENC. 2010 The structural characteristics of nonspecific lipid transfer proteins explain their resistance to gastroduodenal proteolysis. Biochem. 49(10):2130-9.
Guillamon E, Rodriguez J, Burbano C, Muzquiz M, Pedrosa M, Cabanillas B Crespo F., Sancho A I, Mills ENC, Cuadrado C.2010 Characterization of lupin major allergens (Lupinus albus l.) Mol Nutr Food Res. 54:1668-76.
Dupont D, Mandalari G, Mollé D, Jardin J, Rolet-Répécaud O, Duboz G, Léonil J, Mills C, Mackie AR. 2010 Food processing increases casein resistance to simulated infant digestion. Mol Nutr Food Res. 54:767-80.
Berecz B., Mills E. N. C., Tamas L., Lang F., Shewry P. R., Mackie A. R.2010 Structural stability and surface activity of sunflower 2S albumins and LTP. J Agric Food Chem. 58: 6490-6497.
Wong G. W. K., Mahesh P. A., Ogorodova L., Leung T. F., Fedorova O., Holla A. D., Fernandez-Rivas M., Mills E. N. C., Kummeling I., van Ree R., Yazdanbakhsh M., Burney P. 2010 The EuroPrevall-INCO surveys on the prevalence of food allergies in children from China, India and Russia: the study methodology Allergy 65: 385-390.
Keil T, McBride D, Grimshaw K, Niggemann B, Xepapadaki P, Zannikos K, Sigurdardottir ST, Clausen M, Reche M, Pascual C, Stanczyk AP, Kowalski ML, Dubakiene R, Drasutiene G, Roberts G, Schoemaker AF, Sprikkelman AB, Fiocchi A, Martelli A, Dufour S, Hourihane J, Kulig M, Wjst M, Yazdanbakhsh M, Szépfalusi Z, van Ree R, Willich SN, Wahn U, Mills ENC, Beyer K. 2010 The multinational birth cohort of EuroPrevall: background, aims and methods. Allergy. 65(4):482-90.
Mandalari G, Adel-Patient K, Barkholt V, Baro C, Bennett L, Bublin M, Gaier S, Graser G, Ladics GS, Mierzejewska D, Vassilopoulou E, Vissers YM, Zuidmeer L, Rigby NM, Salt LJ, Defernez M, Mulholland F, Mackie AR, Wickham MS, Mills ENC. 2009 In vitro digestibility of beta-casein and beta-lactoglobulin under simulated human gastric and duodenal conditions: a multi-laboratory evaluation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 55:372-81.
Gaier S, Oberhuber C, Hemmer W, Radauer C, Rigby NM, Marsh JT, Mills ENC, Shewry PR, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. 2009 Pru p 3 as a marker for symptom severity for patients with peach allergy in a birch pollen environment. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 124: 166-167.
Toole G. A., Barron C., Le Gall G., Colquhoun I. J., Shewry P. R. Mills E. N. C., 2009 Remodelling of arabinoxylans in wheat (Triticum aestivum) endosperm cell walls during grain filling Planta 229: 667-680.
Macierzanka A., Sancho A. I., Mills E. N. C., Rigby N. M., Mackie A. R. 2009 Emulsification alters simulated gastrointestinal proteolysis of beta-casein and beta-lactoglobulin. Soft Matter 5: 538-550.
Mandalari G., Mackie A. R., Rigby N. M., Wickham M. S. J., Mills E. N. C.2009 Physiological phosphatidylcholine protects bovine β-lactoglobulin from simulated gastrointestinal proteolysis Mol Nutr Food Res. 53 Suppl 1:S131-9.
I. Kummeling, E. N. C. Mills, M. Clausen, R. Dubakiene, C. Farnãndez Pérez, M. Fernández-Rivas, A. C. Knulst, M. L. Kowalski, J. Lidholm, T.-M. Le, C. Metzler, T. Mustakov, T. Popov, J. Potts, R. van Ree, A. Sakellariou, B. Töndury, K. Tzannis, P. Burney. 2009 The EuroPrevall surveys on the prevalence of food allergies in children and adults: background and study methodology. Allergy 64:1493-1497.
Bøgh KL, Kroghsbo S, Dahl L, Rigby NM, Barkholt V, Mills ENC, Madsen CB. 2009 Digested Ara h 1 has sensitizing capacity in Brown Norway rats. Clin Exp Allergy. 39:1611-21.
Shewry, PR; Underwood, C; Wan, YF, Lovegrove A, Bhandari D, Toole G, Mills ENC, Denyer K, Mitchell RAC 2009 Storage product synthesis and accumulation in developing grains of wheat. J Cereal Sci 50: 106-112.
Mills ENC, Gao C, Wilde PJ , Rigby NM, Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Johnson VE, Smith LJ, Mackie AR 2009 Partially folded forms of barley lipid transfer protein are more surface active. Biochem. 48:12081-12088.
Dupont D, Mandalari G, Molle D, Leonil J, Faulks R, Wickham MSJ, Mills ENC, Mackie A. R.(2009) Comparative resistance of food proteins to adult and infant in vitro digestion models. Mol Nutr Food Res. 53: 1-14.
Wan Y, Poole RL, Huttly AK, Toscano-Underwood C, Feeney K, Welham S, Gooding MJ, Mills ENC, Edwards KJ, Shewry PR, Mitchell RA. 2008 Transcriptome analysis of grain development in hexaploid wheat. BMC Genomics. 9:121-
Gao C, Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Wilde PJ, Mills ENC, Smith LJ, Mackie AR. 2008 Surface properties are highly sensitive to small pH induced changes in the 3-D structure of α-lactalbumin. Biochem. 47(6):1659-66.
Sancho AI, Gillabert M, Tapp H, Shewry PR, Skeggs PK, Mills EN.C. 2008 Effect of environmental stress during grain filling on the soluble proteome of wheat (Triticum aestivum) dough liquor. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56:5386-93.
Pappa, E. C., Robertson, J. A., Rigby, N. M., Mellon, F., Kandarakis, I., Mills, E. N. C. 2008 Application of proteomic techniques to protein and peptide profiling of Teleme cheese made from different types of milk. Int Dairy J.18: 605-614.
Sommergruber K, Mills ENC, Vieths S. 2008 Coordinated and standardized production, purification and characterization of natural and recombinant food allergens to establish a food allergen library.Mol Nutr Food Res. 52(S2):S159-S165.
Oberhuber C, Ma Y, Marsh J, Rigby N, Smole U, Radauer C, Alessandri S, Briza P, Zuidmeer L, Maderegger B, Himly M, Sancho AI, van Ree R, Knulst A, Ebner C, Shewry P, Mills ENC, Wellner K, Breiteneder H, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Bublin M. 2008 Purification and characterisation of relevant natural and recombinant apple allergens. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52(S2):S208-S219.
Gaier S, Marsh J, Oberhuber C, Rigby NM, Lovegrove A, Alessandri S, Briza P, Radauer C, Zuidmeer L, van Ree R, Hemmer W, Sancho AI, Mills C, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Shewry PR. 2008 Purification and structural stability of the peach allergens Pru p 1 and Pru p 3. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52(S2):S220-S229.
Rigby NM, Marsh J, Sancho AI, Wellner K, Akkerdaas J, van Ree R, Knulst A, Fernández-Rivas M, Brettlova V, Schilte PP, Summer C, Pumphrey R, Shewry PR, Mills ENC. 2008 The purification and characterisation of allergenic hazelnut seed proteins. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52(S2):S251-S261.
Marsh J, Rigby N, Wellner K, Reese G, Knulst A, Akkerdaas J, van Ree R, Radauer C, Lovegrove A, Sancho A, Mills C, Vieths S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Shewry PR. 2008 Purification and characterisation of a panel of peanut allergens suitable for use in allergy diagnosis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 52(S2):S272-S285
Bublin M, Radauer C, Knulst A, Wagner S, Scheiner O, Mackie AR, Mills ENC, Breiteneder H. 2008 Effects of gastrointestinal digestion and heating on the allergenicity of the kiwi allergens Act d 1, actinidin, and Act d 2, a thaumatin-like protein. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008;146:19-26.
Toole GA, Wilson RH, Parker ML, Wellner NK, Wheeler TR, Shewry PR, Mills ENC 2007 The effect of environment on endosperm cell-wall development in Triticum aestivum during grain filling: an infrared spectroscopic imaging study. Planta. 225:1393-1403.
Vassilopoulou E, Zuidmeer L, Akkerdaas J, Tassios I, Rigby NR, Mills ENC, van Ree R, Saxoni-Papageorgiou P, Papadopoulos NG. 2007 Severe immediate allergic reactions to grapes: part of a lipid transfer protein-associated clinical syndrome. Int Arch Allergy Immunol.143:92-102.
Vassilopoulou EV, Zuidmeer L, Akkerdaas J, Rigby N, Moreno FJ, Papadopoulos NG, Saxoni-Papageorgiou P, Mills ENC, van Ree R. 2007 Optimized techniques for the extraction of grape allergens appropriate for in vivo and in vitro testing and diagnosis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 51:360-6.
Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Gao C, Jenkins JA, Mackie AR, Wilde PJ, Mills ENC, Smith LJ 2007 Post-translational modification of barley LTP1b: the lipid adduct lies in the hydrophobic cavity and alters the protein dynamics. FEBS Lett. 581:4557-61.
Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Gao C, Jenkins JA, Mackie AR, Wilde PJ, Mills ENC, Smith LJ. 2007 Heat treatment of bovine alpha-lactalbumin results in partially folded, disulfide bond shuffled states with enhanced surface activity. Biochemistry. 46:9774-84.
Jenkins JA, Breiteneder H, Mills ENC. 2007 Evolutionary distance from human homologs reflects allergenicity of animal food proteins. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 120:1399-405.
Sancho AI, van Ree R, van Leeuwen A, Meulenbroek BJ, van de Weg EW, Gilissen LJ, Puehringer H, Laimer M, Martinelli A, Zaccharini M, Vazquez-Cortés S, Fernandez-Rivas M, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Mills ENC, Zuidmeer L. 2007 Measurement of Lipid Transfer Protein in 88 Apple Cultivars. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 146:19-26.
Robertson J. A., Sutcliffe L. H. & Mills E. N. C. 2006 The application of electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and spin probes to investigate the effects of ingredients on changes in wheat dough during heating J Agric Food Chem. 54: 1427-1433
Sancho AI, Foxall R, Browne T, Dey R, Zuidmeer L, Marzban G, Waldron KW, van Ree R, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Laimer M, Mills ENC. 2006. Effect of Postharvest Storage on the Expression of the Apple Allergen Mal d 1.J Agric Food Chem.54:5917-5923.
Sancho AI, Foxall R, Rigby NM , Browne T, Waldron KW, Mills ENC. 2006Maturity and storage influence on the apple (Malus domestica) allergen Mal d 3, a non-specific lipid transfer protein. J. Agric Food Chem. 54:5098-5104.
Gao C, Stading M, Wellner N, Parker ML, Noel TR, Mills ENC, Belton PS. 2006 The plasticization of a protein-based film by glycerol: a spectrospic, mechanical and thermal study. J Agric Food Chem. 54:4611-4616.
Salt L. J., Wilde P. J., Georget D., Wellner N., Skeggs P. K., Mills E. N. C. 2006 Composition and surface properties of dough liquor. J Cereal Sci. 43:284-292.
Wellner N., Marsh J., Savage A., Halford N. G., Shewry P. R., Mills E. N. C., Belton P. S. 2006 Comparison of repetitive sequences derived from high molecular weight subunits of wheat glutenin, an elastomeric plant protein. Biomacromol. 7:1096-1103.
Fernandez-Rivas M., Bolhaar S., Gonzalez-Mancebo, Asero R, van Leeuwen A., Bohle B., Ma Y., Ebner C., Rigby N., Sancho A. I., Mills E. N. C., Miles S, Zuidmeer L, Knulst A,Breiteneder H, Mills C, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, van Ree R. 2006 Apple allergy across Europe: How allergen sensitization profiles determine clinical expression of plant food allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 18:481-488.
Zuidmeer L., van Leeuwen W. A., Kleine I. , Breiteneder H., Ma Y., Mills E. N. C., Sancho A. I., Meulenbroek E. J., van de Weg E., Gilissen L., Ferreira F., Hoffmann K. & Van Ree R. 2006 Allergenicity assessment of apple cultivars:hurdles in quantifying labile fruit allergens. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 141:230-40.
Eiwegger T., Rigby N., Mondoulet L., Bernard H., Krauth M., Boehm A., Dehlink E., Valent P., Wal J., Mills E. N. C. & Szépfalusi Z. 2006 Gastro-duodenal digestion products of the major peanut allergen Ara h 1 retain an allergenic potential. Clin. Exp. Allergy 36: 1281-1288.
Vassilopoulou E, Rigby N, Moreno FJ, Zuidmeer L, Akkerdaas J, Tassios I, Papadopoulos N G, Saxoni- Papageorgiou P, van Ree R, Mills ENC. 2006 Impact of In vitro Gastric and Duodenal Digestion on the Allergenicity of Grape LTP. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 118:473-80.
Sancho AI, Rigby NM, Zuidmeer L, Asero R, Mistrello G, Amato S, Gonzalez E, Fernandez M, van Ree R, Mills ENC. 2005 The effect of thermal processing on the IgE reactivity of the non-specific lipid transfer protein from apple, Mal d 3. Allergy. 60:1262-1268.
Wellner N, Mills ENC, Brownsey G, Wilson RH, Savage AWJ, Halford NG, Shewry PRS, Belton PS. 2005 Changes in prolamin structure during gluten deformation studied by FT-IR Biomacromol. 6:255-61.
Barron C., Parker M. L. , Mills E. N. C. , Rouau X. & Wilson R. H. 2005
FTIR imaging of wheat endosperm cell walls in situ reveals compositional and architectural heterogeneity related to grain hardness Planta 220:667-677.
Salt L. J., Robertson J. A., Jenkins J. A., Mulholland F. & Mills E. N. C.
2005 The Identification of Foam-forming Soluble Proteins from Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Dough. Proteomics 5:1612-1623.
Moreno F. J., Mellon F. A., Wickham M. S. J., Bottrill A. R. & Mills E. N. C.
Stability of the major allergen Brazil nut 2S albumin allergen (Ber e 1) to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion FEBS Journal 272:341-52.
Gao C., Wellner N., Mills E. N. C. & Parker M. L. Effect of preparation conditions on protein secondary structure and biofilm formation of kafirin 2005 J. Agric.Food Chem. 53:306-12.
Jenkins J. A., Griffiths-Jones S., Shewry P.R., Breiteneder H., Mills E.N.C. 2005 Structural relatedness of plant food allergens with specific reference to cross-reactive allergens – an in silico analysis J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 115: 163-170.
Moreno FJ, Mackie AR, Mills EN.C 2005 Phospholipid interactions protect the milk allergen a-lactalbumin from proteolysis during in vitro digestion. J Agric Food Chem. 53:9810-9816.
Moreno F. J., Maldonado B. M., Wellner N., Mills E. N. C. 2005 Thermostability and in vitro digestibility of a purified major allergen 2S albumin (Ses i 1) from white sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) Biochim Biophys Acta - Proteins and Proteomics 1752 142-153.
Moreno F. J., Jenkins J. A., Mellon F.A., Rigby N.M., Robertson J.A., Wellner N., Mills E.N.C. 2004 Mass Spectrometry and Structural Characterization of 2S Albumin Isoforms from Brazil Nuts (Bertholletia Excelsa). Biochim Biophys Acta 1698 175-186
Karamonova L., Fukal L., Kodicke M., Rauch P., Mills E. N. C. & Morgan M. R. A. (2004) Immunoprobes for thermally-induced alterations in whey protein structure and their application to the analysis of thermally-treated milks Food and Agricultural Immunology 1-15.
Gilbert SM, Burnett GR, Mills ENC, Belton PS, Shewry PR, Tatham AS 2003 Identification of the wheat seed protein CM3 as a highly active emulsifier using a novel functional screen. J Agric Food Chem 51(7):2019-25.
Wellner N., Bianchini D., Mills E. N. C & Belton P. S. 2003 Effect of selected Hofmeister anions on the secondary structure and dynamics of wheat prolamins in gluten. Cereal Chem 80: 596-600.
Mills, E.N.C., Marigheto N.A., Wellner, N., Fairhurst, S.A., Jenkins, J.A., Mann, R., Belton, P.S. 2003 Thermally-induced structural changes in glycnin, the 11S globulin of soybean (Glycine max) – an in situ spectroscopic study. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1648:105-114.
Wilde P. J. , Husband F. A. , Cooper D. , Ridout M. J. , Muller R. E. & Mills E. N. C. (2003) Destabilisation of Beer Foam by Lipids: Structural and Interfacial Effects. J Am Soc Brew Chem 61.
Brett, G. M., Mills E.N.C., Bacon, J., Wellner, N., Husain, R. D., Tatham A. S., Shewry, P.R. Morgan, M. R.A. 2002 Temperature-dependant binding of monoclonal antibodies to C hordein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1594:17-26.
Burnett, G. R., Mills E.N. C., Belton P. S., Fido, R. J., Tatham A. S., Shewry, P.R 2002 Characterisation of the Emulsification Properties of 2S Albumins From Sunflower Seed. J. Colloids Interface Sci 247: 177-185.
Duodu KG, Nunes A, Delgadillo I, Parker ML, Mills ENC, Belton PS, Taylor JRN 2002 Effect of grain structure and cooking on sorghum and maize in vitro protein digestibility. J Cereal Sci 35:161-174.
Cooper DJ, Husband FA, Mills ENC, Wilde PJ 2002 The role of beer lipid binding proteins in preventing lipid destabilisation of foam. J Agric Food Chem. 50: 7645-7650.
Mills ENC, Huang L, Noel TR, Gunning AP, Morris VJ 2001 Formation of thermally induced aggregates of the soya globulin b–conglycinin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1547:39-350.
Chambers SJ, Brett GM, Mills ENC, Morgan MRA. 2001 Multiantigenic peptides as standards in immunoassays for complex proteins: Use of LGQQQPFPPQQPY in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for gluten. Anal Bioch. 292:301-305.
Dolores Perez M, Mills ENC, Lambert N, JohnsonIT Morgan MRA. 2000 The use of anti-soya globulin antisera in investigating soya digestion in vivo. J. Sci. Food Agric. 80: 513-521
Mills ENC, Field JM, Kauffman JA, Tatham AS, Shewry PR, Morgan MRA. 2000 The characterisation of monoclonal antibodies specific for HMW subunits of glutenin and their use to investigate glutenin polymers. J Agric Food Chem. 48: 611-617.
Spinks, CA, Wang B, Mills ENC, Morgan MRA 1999 Development of an ELSIA for paraquat; improvement of antibody characteristics by reversed affinity chromatography. Analyst 124: 847-850.
Onishi A, Proudlove MO, Dickie K, Mills ENC, Kauffman JA, Morgan MRA 1999 Monoclonal antbody probe for assessing beer foam stabilising proteins. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47: 3044-3049.
Brett G, Mills ENC, Goodfellow BJ, Fido RJ, Tatham AS, Shewry PR, Morgan MRA 1999. Epitope mapping studies of broad specificty monoclonal antibodies to cereal prolamins. J. Cereal Sci. 29: 117-128.
Lalles J-P, Tukur HM, Salgado P, Mills ENC, Morgan MRA, Quillien L, Levieux D, Toullec R 1999. Immunochemical studies on gastric and intestinal digestion of soybean glycinin and b-conglycinin in vivo. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47: 2797-2806.
Mills ENC, Kauffman JA, Morgan MRA, Field JM, Hejgaard J, Proudlove MO, Onishi A 1998 An immunological study of hydrophobic polypeptides in beer. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46: 4475-4483.
Huang L, Mills ENC, Morgan MRA 1998 Analysis of thermal stability of soya globulins using monoclonal antibodies. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1388: 215-226.
Mills ENC, Potts A, Plumb GW, Lambert N and Morgan MRA 1997 Development of a rapid dipstick immunoassay for the detection of peanut contamination of food. Food Agric Immunol. 9: 37-50.
Tukur HM, Lalles J-P, Plumb GW, Mills ENC, Morgan MRA, and Toullec R 1996 Investigation of the relationship between in vitro ELISA measures of immunoreactive soy globulins and in vivo effects of soy products. J. Agric. Food Chem. 44: 2155-2161
Plumb GW, Lambert N, Mills ENC, Tatton MJ, D’Ursel CCM, Bogracheva T, Morgan MRA. 1995 Characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against b-conglycinin from soya bean (Glycine max) and their use as probes for thermal denaturation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 67: 511-520.
Mills ENC, Brett GM, Holden S, Kauffman, JA, Tatton, MJ and Morgan MRA 1995 Production of monoclonal antibodies to gluten proteins and their use in developing tests for gluten quality. Food Agric. Immunol. 7: 189-196.
Plumb GW, Mills ENC, Tatton MJ, D’Ursel CCM, Lambert N and Morgan MRA. 1994. The effect of thermal and proteolytic processing on glycinin, the 11S globulin of soya (Glycine max) - a study utilising monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. J. Agric. Food Chem. 42: 705-710.
Kauffman JA, Mills ENC, Brett GM, Fido RJ, Tatham AS, Shewry PR, Onishi A, Proudlove MO, and Morgan MRA. 1994 Immunological characterisation of barley polypeptides in lager foam. J. Sci. Food Agric. 66: 345-355.
Brett GM, Mills ENC, Tatham AS, Fido RJ, Shewry PR and Morgan MRA. 1993 Immunochemical identification of LMW subunits of glutenin associated with bread-making quality of wheat flours. Theor Appl Genet. 86: 442-448.
Spinks CA, Wang B, Mills ENC, Morga MRA. 1993 Production and characterisation of monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody mimics for the pyrethroid insecticides and the herbicide paraquat. Food Agric Immunol. 5: 13-25.
Carter JA, Lee HA, Mills ENC, Lambert N, Chan HW-S and Morgan MRA 1992 Characterisation of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against glycinin (11S storage protein) from soya (Glycine max). J Sci Food Agric. 58: 75-82.
Mills ENC, Alcock SM, Lee HA, Morgan MRA 1990 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for deoxynivalenol in wheat utilizing novel hapten derivatization procedures. Food Agric. Immunol 2:109-118.
Parker ML, Mills ENC & Morgan MRA 1990 The potential of immuno-probes for locating proteins in wheat endosperm and bread. J. Sci. Food Agric. 52: 35-45.
Lee HA, Mills ENC, Finglas PM, Morgan MRA 1990 Rapid biospecific methods of vitamins analysis. J. Micronut. Anal. 7:261-270.
Mills ENC, Burgess SR, Tatham AS, Shewry PR, Chan HWS, Morgan MRA 1990 Characterisation of a panel of monoclonal anti-gliadin antibodies. J. Cereal Sci. 11: 89-101.
Brett GM, Mills ENC, Parmer S, Tatham AS, Shewry PR and Morgan MRA 1990 Monoclonal antibodies that recognise the repeat motif of the S-poor prolamins. J. Cereal Sci. 12: 245-255.
Mills ENC, Semmence NG, Hamand KA, Carter JM, Lambert N, Morgan MRA 1989 Characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against legumin from pea (Pisum sativum) Food Agric. Immunol. 1: 173-187.
Mills ENC, Spinks CA, Morgan MRA 1989 A two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for wheat gliadins. Food Agric. Immunol. 1: 173-187.
Mills, ENC, Johnstone JM, Kemp HA, Morgan MRA 1988 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of diacetoxyscirpenol applied to analysis of wheat. J. Sci. Food Agric.42: 225-233.
Kemp, HA, Mills, ENC, Morgan MRA 1986 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol applied to rice. J. Sci. Food Agric. 37: 888-894.
Mills ENC, Freedman RB. 1983 Two-dimensional electrophoresis of membrane proteins. Factors affecting resolution of rat-liver microsomal proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 734: 160-7.
Mills ENC, Lambert N, Freedman RB. 1983 Identification of protein disulphide-isomerase as a major acidic polypeptide in rat liver microsomal membranes. Biochem J. 213: 245-8.

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