Professor Jonathan Johnston


Professor of Chronobiology and Integrative Physiology
PhD FHEA FRSB

About

Areas of specialism

Biological Rhythms (Chronobiology); Physiology; Endocrinology

University roles and responsibilities

  • Committee Member, University Ethics Committee (2024-current)
  • Chair, L7 (MSci) Board of Examiners (2022-current)
  • Postgraduate Research Director, Quantum Biology degree programme
  • Postgraduate Research Director, School of Biosciences and Medicine (2016-current)
  • Member, School Athena SWAN Self-Assessment Group (2016-current)
  • Member, Faculty Research Degrees Committee (2016-current)
  • Mentor to Early Career Researchers/Academics, University Researcher Development Programme (2015-current)

Previous roles

2015 - 2016
Deputy Chair, University Ethics Committee
University of Surrey
2014 - 2016
Non-Professorial Member, University Senate
University of Surrey
2012 - 2013
Member, University Athena SWAN Self-Assessment Group
University of Surrey
2011 - 2013
Committee Member, Professional Training and Careers Committee (PTCC)
University of Surrey
2011 - 2013
Committee Member, PTCC Strategic Advisory Group
University of Surrey
2011 - 2014
Module Organiser, BMS 2038 Physiology 2
University of Surrey
2009 - 2013
Senior Tutor, Professional Training Year
University of Surrey
2009 - 2016
Committee Member, University Ethics Committee
University of Surrey
2009 - 2015
Convenor, Level 5 staff-student forum
University of Surrey
2008 - 2010
Committee Member, FHMS Ethics Committee
University of Surrey
2008 - 2011
Module Organiser, BMS 1022 Practical Biochemistry and Physiology
University of Surrey
2007 - 2009
Admissions Tutor, MSc Clinical Biochemistry (Full Time students)
University of Surrey
2006 - 2011
Module Organiser, BMS 1009 Practical Microbiology and Physiology
University of Surrey

News

In the media

2021
Podcast for 'Hormones: The Inside Story'
Interview on meal timing
Society for Endocrinology
2021
Radio interview
Interview on time-restricted feeding/eating
BBC Radio Surrey breakfast programme
2020
Podcast and live video stream, Talk/discussion about chrono-nutrition
Nutrition Society of India (Mumbai Chapter)
2019
Podcast
Interview on chrononutrition
The Healthy Shift Worker Podcast
2019
Podcast
Interview on chrononutrition
Opex
2018
Video interview
Interview on meal timing
BBC online and World Service Language
2017
Radio interview
Interview on meal timing
BBC Radio Surrey
2017
Radio interview
Interview on meal timing
Talk Radio Europe
2017
Radio/podcast interview
Interview on meal timing
The Naked Scientists
2017
Podcast: 'The Best Thing Since Sliced Bread' with Greg Foot
Interview on biological rhythms and light
2016
Television: Trust Me I'm A Doctor, Series 4 episode 2
Multiple short pieces about meal timing, and "The Big Experiment"
BBC2
2016
Podcast: Food For Fitness
Interview on biological rhythms, metabolism and nutrition
2016
BBC iWonder web page: "When should I eat my main meal?"
Contributor
BBC iWonder website
2015
Television: Food Unwrapped, Series 5 episode 8  
Piece on claimed benefits of melatonin in milk collected at night
Channel 4

Research

Research interests

Research projects

Indicators of esteem

  • Editorial Board member, Journal of Pineal Research (2019-current)

  • Elected to the Board of the European Biological Rhythms Society (2019-2023)

  • Trustee, British Society for Neuroendocrinology (2016-2020)

  • Programme Organising Committee member, International Congress of Neuroendocrinology (2014)

  • Member, Diabetes-UK Innovators in Diabetes programme (2011-2014)

  • Core Member, BBSRC Panel A (2011-2016)

  • Pool Member, BBSRC grant review panels (2010-2011)

  • Meetings Secretary, British Society for Neuroendocrinology (2010-2011)

  • Programme Organising Committee member, Society for Endocrinology (2009-2010)

  • Science Committee member, Society for Endocrinology (2007-2010)

  • Steering Committee member, British Society for Neuroendocrinology (2006-2020)

  • Editorial Board member, Journal of Neuroendocrinology (2006-current)

  • Co-organiser and chair of the UK Clock Club meeting, hosted at the University of Surrey (Spring 2006; with Dr M von Schantz)

  • Peer review of grants and manuscripts for multiple international and national scientific bodies

External Oral Conference Presentations

International and national research lectures (Invited lectures unless otherwise stated)

 

• Chrono-nutrition: advances, potential and challenges. Society for Light Treatment and Biological Rhythms, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2024

• Effects of meal timing on human plasma metabolite rhythms. Nutrition Society meeting, Aberdeen, UK, March 2024 (Abstract chosen for oral presentation)

• Short-term changes in human metabolism following a 5-hour delay of the light-dark and behavioural cycle. Nutrition Society meeting, Aberdeen, UK, March 2024 (Abstract chosen for oral presentation)

• The human circadian system: links to meal timing and type 2 diabetes. 22nd International Congress of Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan, December 2022

• The value of chrononutrition. European Biological Rhythms Society meeting, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2022

• Meal timing regulates the circadian plasma metabolome in humans. 25th Congress of the European Sleep Research Society, Online conference, September 2020

• Circadian metabolism in humans and its regulation by meal timing. 13th European Nutrition Conference, Dublin, Ireland, October 2019

• Circadian metabolism and meal timing in humans. Center of Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism, Luebeck, Germany, September 2019

• Circadian metabolism and meal timing in humans. European Biological Rhythms Society meeting, Lyon, France, August 2019

• You are when you eat: how meal timing regulates circadian rhythms and metabolism. Belgian Nutrition Society meeting, Brussels, Belgium, May 2019

• Human peripheral rhythms and their regulation by meal timing. Physiological Society meeting on 'Chrononutrition: from epidemiology to molecular mechanism', London, UK, November 2018

• Circadian clocks and metabolism: Integration of dietary and circadian control. Royal Society of Medicine meeting on 'Chrono-nutrition: Circadian clocks, mealtimes and metabolic disorders', London, UK, November 2018

• Clocks, melatonin and diabetes. World Sleep meeting, Prague, Czech Republic, October 2017

• Chronobiology, metabolism and nutrients in humans. British Society for Neuroendocrinology meeting, University of Nottingham, UK, September 2017

• Circadian rhythms of human metabolism: influence of obesity and meal timing. Neuroscience of Obesity meeting, Aberdeen, UK, August 2017

• Chrononutrition: the interplay between food and the body clock system. Nutritionists in Industry meeting, Unilever, Leatherhead, UK, September 2016

• Human circadian rhythms, metabolism and chrononutrition. NEUREX meeting, Strasbourg, France, June 2016

• Circadian Rhythms in Adipose Tissue. International Congress on Obesity meeting, Vancouver, Canada, May 2016

• Impact of food on circadian rhythms. Nutrition Society winter meeting, London, UK, December 2015

• What endocrinologists should know about the body clock and sleep. Society for Endocrinology/British Endocrine Societies meeting, Edinburgh, UK, November 2015

• Meal timing regulates the human circadian system. European Biological Rhythms Society meeting, Manchester, UK, August 2015

• Control of melatonin receptor expression in the pituitary. FASEB Summer Research Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, July 2015

• Timed feeding, neuroendocrinology and the human circadian system. British Neuroscience Association meeting, Edinburgh, UK, April 2015

• Eat breakfast like a king? Meal timing as a regulator of body clocks. Experimental Biology meeting, Boston, USA, March-April 2015

• Physiological links between circadian rhythms, metabolism and nutrition. Obesity - A Physiological Perspective, Physiological Society Topic Meeting, Newcastle, UK, September 2014

• Rhythmic diurnal gene expression in human adipose tissue from individuals who are lean, overweight and type 2 diabetic. American Diabetes Association meeting, Chicago, USA, June 2013

• How does breakfast help manage body weight? The physiological reasons. Nutrition Society summer meeting, Queen's University Belfast, N Ireland, 2012

• Molecular and Endocrine Rhythms in Men with Type two Diabetes. 13th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms, Sandestin Golf & Beach Resort, Florida, USA, May 2012

• Daily rhythms in lean overweight and type 2 diabetic human subjects. British Society for Neuroendocrinology Meeting, University of Cambridge, UK, August 2011

• Daily rhythms in lean overweight and type 2 diabetic human subjects. 41st Annual Meeting of the International Society for Psychoneuroendocrinology, Berlin, Germany, August 2011

• Daily rhythms in lean overweight and type 2 diabetic human subjects. 13th European Congress of Endocrinology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, May 2011

• Daily rhythms in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue: comparison of lean, overweight and type 2 diabetic subjects. 12th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms, Sandestin Golf & Beach Resort, Florida, USA, May 2010. (Abstract chosen for oral presentation)

• Daily rhythms in human white adipose tissue. UK Adipose Tissue Discussion Group meeting, Astra Zeneca, Alderley Edge, UK, December 2009. (Invited 'hot topic' lecture)

• Adipocyte rhythmicity in vitro. Pennington Biomedical Research Center Symposium on Circadian Biology and Sleep: Missing Links in Obesity and Metabolism, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, April 2009

• The pars tuberalis: providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of melatonin signalling. FASEB Summer Research Conference Melatonin Receptors: Actions and Therapeutics, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA, August 2008

• Developmental plasticity of melatonin receptor expression. Gordon Research Conference in Pineal Cell Biology, Il Ciocco, Barga, Italy, April 2008

• Defining transient melatonin receptor expression in the developing gonadotroph. European Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology meeting, University of Cambridge, UK, September 2006

• Melatonin differentially regulates expression of multiple circadian clock genes in the pituitary pars tuberalis. British Society for Neuroendocrinology and Société de Neuroendocrinologie joint meeting, University of Oxford, UK, September 2005. (Prize lecture)

• Photoperiodic regulation of gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of seasonal mammals. Gordon Research Conference in Pineal Cell Biology, Oxford, UK, August 2004

• Molecular regulation of MT1 melatonin receptor expression in the foetal pituitary gland. British Society for Neuroendocrinology Meeting, University of Manchester, UK, September 2003. (Abstract chosen for oral presentation)

• Regulation of MT1 melatonin receptor expression in the foetal pituitary gland. UK Clock Club Meeting, University of Leicester, UK, April 2003

• Developmental regulation of the mt1 melatonin receptor in the rat pituitary. 8th Meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms, Amelia Island Plantation, Florida, USA, May 2002. (Abstract chosen for oral presentation).

Supervision

Postgraduate research supervision

Completed postgraduate research projects I have supervised

Teaching

Publications

Highlights

Short-term changes in human metabolism following a 5-hour delay of the light-dark and behavioural cycle.

Flanagan et al, iScience 2024; 111161

Human glucose rhythms and subjective hunger anticipate meal timing

Isherwood et al, Current Biology 2023; 33: 1321-1326.

Timing of daily calorie loading affects appetite and hunger responses without changes in energy metabolism in healthy subjects with obesity

Ruddick-Collins et al; Cell Metabolism 2022; 34: 1472-1485

Circadian rhythms in resting metabolic rate account for apparent daily rhythms in thermic effect of food

Ruddick-Collins et al; Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2022; 107: e708-e715

Transcriptomic analyses reveal rhythmic and CLOCK-driven pathways in human skeletal muscle

Perrin et al, 2018. Elife; 7: e34114

Lipidomics reveals diurnal lipid oscillations in human skeletal muscle persisting in cellular myotubes cultured in vitro

Loizides-Mangold et al, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2017: 114: E8565-E8574

 

Meal Timing Regulates the Human Circadian System

Wehrens et al, Current Biology 2017; 19: 1768-1775

 

Twenty-four-hour rhythmicity of circulating metabolites: effect of body mass and type 2 diabetes

Isherwood et al, FASEB Journal 2017; 31: 5557-5567

 

Assessment of circadian rhythms in humans: comparison of real-time fibroblast reporter imaging with plasma melatonin

Hasan et al, FASEB Journal 2012; 26: 2414-2423

 

Rhythmic Diurnal Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissue From Individuals Who Are Lean, Overweight, and Have Type 2 Diabetes

Otway et al, Diabetes 2011; 60: 1577-1581

 

Egr1 involvement in evening gene regulation by melatonin

Fustin et al, FASEB Journal 2009; 23: 764–773

 

Photoperiod differentially regulates rhythms of gene expression in the rostral and caudal suprachiasmatic nuclei

Hazlerigg et al, Current Biology 2005; 15: R449-R450

 

Molecular characterisation of the long day response in the Soay sheep, a seasonal mammal

Hazlerigg et al, Current Biology 2004; 14: 334-339

 

Photoperiod differentially regulates circadian oscillators in central and peripheral tissues of the Syrian hamster

Carr, Johnston et al, Current Biology 2003; 13: 1543-1548

 

Evidence for an endogenous per1- and ICER-independent seasonal timer in the hamster pituitary gland

Johnston et al, FASEB Journal 2003; 17: 810-815

 

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone drives melatonin receptor down-regulation in the developing pituitary gland

Johnston et al, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2003; 100: 2831-2835

 

Full Papers

NB When not freely available via journal websites (see 'OPEN ACCESS' labels), full text may be available here.

67. Flanagan A, Ruddick-Collins LC, Fielding B, Middleton B, von Gerichten J, Short M, Revell V, Mendis J, Mayer CD, Morgan PJ, Johnstone AM, Johnston JD. Short-term changes in human metabolism following a 5-hour delay of the light-dark and behavioural cycle. (OPEN ACCESS) iScience 2024; 111161

66. Spick M, Isherwood CI, Gethings L, Hassanin H, van der Veen DR, Skene DJ, Johnston JD. Rhythmic variation in proteomics: challenges and opportunities for statistical power and biomarker identification. Biorxiv 2024

65. Smith HA, Templeman I, Davis M, Slater T, Clayton DJ, Varley I, James LJ, Middleton B, Johnston JD, Karagounis LG, Tsintzas K, Thompson D, Gonzalez JT, Wahlin JP, Betts JA. Characterising 24-h skeletal muscle gene expression alongside metabolic & endocrine responses under diurnal conditions. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2024; in press 

64. Isherwood CI, Robertson MD, Skene DJ, Johnston JD. Daily rhythms of diabetogenic factors in men: role of type 2 diabetes and body weight. (OPEN ACCESS). Endocrine Connections 2023; 12: :e230064.

63. Jefcoate PW, Robertson MD, Ogden J, Johnston JDExploring Rates of Adherence and Barriers to Time-Restricted Eating. (OPEN ACCESS). Nutrients 2023; 15: 2336.

62. Isherwood CI, van der Veen DR, Hassanin H, Skene DJ, Johnston JDHuman glucose rhythms and subjective hunger anticipate meal timing. (OPEN ACCESS). Current Biology 2023; 33: 1321-1326.

61. Ruddick-Collins LC, Morgan PJ, Fyfe CL, Filipe JAN, Horgan GW, Westerterp KR, Johnston JD, Johnstone AM. Timing of daily calorie loading affects appetite and hunger responses without changes in energy metabolism in healthy subjects with obesity. (OPEN ACCESS). Cell Metabolism 2022; 34: 1472-1485.

60. von Gerichten J, Elnesr MH, Prollins JE, De Mel IA, Flanagan A, Johnston JD, Fielding BA, Short M. The [13C]octanoic acid breath test for gastric emptying quantification: Focus on nutrition and modelling. (OPEN ACCESS). Lipids 2022; 57: 205-219.

59. Martin C, Johnston JD, Henslee EA, van der Veen DR, Labeed FH. In vitro characterisation of murine pre-adipose nucleated cells reveals electrophysiological cycles associated with biological clocks. Electrophoresis 2022; 43: 1337-1346.

58. Mastrullo V, van der Veen DR, Gupta P, Matos RS, Johnston JD, McVey JH, Madeddu P, Velliou EG, Campagnolo P. Pericytes’ Circadian Clock Affects
Endothelial Cells’ Synchronization and Angiogenesis in a 3D Tissue Engineered Scaffold. (OPEN ACCESS). Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022; 13: 867070.

57. Ruddick-Collins LC, Flanagan A, Johnston JD, Morgan PJ, Johnstone AM. Circadian rhythms in resting metabolic rate account for apparent daily rhythms in thermic effect of food. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2022; 107: e708-e715

56. Jefcoate PW, Robertson MD, Ogden J, Johnston JDIdentification of factors influencing motivation to undertake time-restricted feeding in humans. Appetite 2021; 164: 105240.

55. Templeman I, Smith HA, Walhin JP, Middleton B, Gonzalez JT, Karagounis LG, Johnston JD, Betts JA. Unacylated ghrelin, leptin, and appetite display diurnal rhythmicity in lean adults. Journal of Applied Physiology 2021; 130: 1534-1543.

54. Lynch S, Johnston JD, Robertson MD. Early versus late time‐restricted feeding in adults at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes: Is there an optimal time to eat for metabolic health? (OPEN ACCESS) Nutrition Bulletin 2021; 46: 69-76.

53. Flanagan A, Bechtold DA, Pot GK, Johnston JDChrono-nutrition: From molecular and neuronal mechanisms to human epidemiology and timed feeding patterns. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Neurochemistry 2021; 157: 53-72.

52. van der Veen DR, Laing EE, Bae SE, Johnston JD, Dijk DJ, Archer SN. A topological cluster of differentially regulated genes in mice lacking PER3. (OPEN ACCESS) Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 2020; 13: 15.

51. Christou S, Wehrens SMT, Isherwood C, Moller-Levet C, Wu H, Revell VL, Bucca G, Skene DJ, Laing EL, Archer SN, Johnston JD. Circadian regulation in human white adipose tissue revealed by transcriptome and metabolic network analysis. (OPEN ACCESS) Scientific Reports 2019; 9: 2641.

50. Almoosawi S, Vingeliene S, Gachon F, Voortman T, Palla L, Johnston JD, Van Dam RM, Darimont C, Karagounis LG. Chronotype: Implications for epidemiological studies on chrono-nutrition and cardiometabolic health. (OPEN ACCESS) Advances in Nutrition 2019; 10: 30-42.

49. Antoni R, Robertson TM, Robertson MD, Johnston JD. A pilot feasibility study exploring the effects of a moderate time-restricted feeding intervention on energy intake, adiposity and metabolic physiology in free-living humans. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Nutritional Science 2018; 7: e22.

48. Ruddick-Collins LC, Johnston JD, Morgan PJ, Johnstone AM. The Big Breakfast Study: Chrono-nutrition influence on energy expenditure and bodyweight. (OPEN ACCESS) Nutrition Bulletin 2018; 43:174-183.

47. Perrin L, Loizides-Mangold U, Chanon S, Gobet C, Hulo N, Isenegger L, Weger BD, Migliavacca E, Charpagne A, Betts JA, Walhin JP, Templeman I, Stokes K, Thompson D, Tsintzas K, Robert M, Howald C, Riezman H, Feige JN, Karagounis LG, Johnston JD, Dermitzakis ET, Gachon F, Lefai E, Dibner C. Transcriptomic analyses reveal rhythmic and CLOCK-driven pathways in human skeletal muscle. (OPEN ACCESS) Elife 2018; 7: e34114

46. Isherwood CM, van der Veen DR, Johnston JD, Skene DJ. Twenty-four-hour rhythmicity of circulating metabolites: effect of body mass and type 2 diabetes. (OPEN ACCESS) FASEB Journal 2017; 31: 5557-5567.

45. Loizides-Mangold U, Perrin L, Vandereycken B, Betts JA, Walhin JP, Templeman I, Chanon S, Weger BD, Durand C, Robert M, Montoya JP, Moniatte M, Karagounis LG, Johnston JD, Gachon F, Lefai E, Riezman H, Dibner C. Lipidomics reveals diurnal lipid oscillations in human skeletal muscle persisting in cellular myotubes cultured in vitro. (OPEN ACCESS) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2017; 114: E8565-E8574.

44. Wehrens SMT, Christou S, Isherwood C, Middleton B, Gibbs MA, Archer SN, Skene DJ, Johnston JD. Meal Timing Regulates the Human Circadian System. (OPEN ACCESS) Current Biology 2017; 19: 1768-1775.

43. Johnston JD. Circadian Biology: Interaction with Metabolism and Nutrition. In Nutrition, Epigenetics and Health (Burge G ed; World Scientific) 2017

42. Johnston JD, Ordovás JM, Scheer FA, Turek FW. Circadian Rhythms, Metabolism, and Chrononutrition in Rodents and Humans. (OPEN ACCESS) Advances in Nutrition 2016; 7: 399-406.

41. Johnston JD, Skene DJ. Regulation of mammalian neuroendocrine physiology and rhythms by melatonin. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Endocrinology 2015; 226: T187-198.

40. *Laing EE, *Johnston JD, Möller-Levet CS, Bucca G, Smith CP, Dijk DJ, Archer SN. Exploiting human and mouse transcriptomic data: identification of circadian genes and pathways influencing health. (OPEN ACCESS) Bioessays 2015; 37: 544-556.*Joint 1st authors

39. Gee RH, Spinks JN, Malia JM, Johnston JD, Plant NJ, Plant KE. Inhibition of prenyltransferase activity by statins in both liver and muscle cell lines is not causative of cytotoxicity.Toxicology 2015; 329: 40-48.

38. Johnston JD. Physiological links between circadian rhythms, metabolism and nutrition.(OPEN ACCESS) Experimental Physiology 2014; 99: 1133-1137.

37. Hampton SM, Johnston JD. Probing the diurnal regulation of glycemic control. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 2014; 28: 751-752.

36. Frost G, Cai Z, Raven M, Otway DT, Mushtaq R, Johnston JD. Effect of short chain fatty acids on the expression of free fatty acid receptor 2 (Ffar2), Ffar3 and early-stage adipogenesis. (OPEN ACCESS) Nutrition and Diabetes 2014; 4: e128.

35. Johnston JD. Physiological responses to food intake throughout the day. (OPEN ACCESS) Nutrition Research Reviews 2014; 27: 107-118.

34. Bae SE, Wright IK, Wyse C, Samson-Desvignes N, Le Blanc P, Laroche S, Hazlerigg DG, Johnston JD. Regulation of pituitary MT1 melatonin receptor expression by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1): in vivo and in vitro studies. (OPEN ACCESS) PLoS One. 2014; 9: e90056.

33. Lazar AS, Santhi N, Hasan S, Lo J, Johnston JD, von Schantz M, Archer SN, Dijk DJ. Circadian period and the melatonin rhythm in men and women: predictors of sleep during the weekend and in the laboratory. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Sleep Research 2013; 22: 155-159.

32. Ang JE, Revell V, Mann A, Mäntele S, Otway DT, Johnston JD, Thumser AE, Skene DJ, Raynaud F. Identification of human plasma metabolites exhibiting time-of-day variation using an untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. (OPEN ACCESS) Chronobiology International 2012; 29: 868-881.

31. Hasan S, Santhi N, Lazar AS, Slak A, Lo J, von Schantz M, Archer SN, Johnston JD, Dijk DJ. Assessment of circadian rhythms in humans: comparison of real-time fibroblast reporter imaging with plasma melatonin. (OPEN ACCESS) FASEB Journal 2012; 26: 2414-2423.

30. Mäntele S, Otway DT, Middleton B, Bretschneider S, Wright J, Robertson MD, Skene DJ, Johnston JD. Daily rhythms of plasma melatonin, but not plasma leptin or leptin mRNA, vary between lean, obese and type 2 diabetic men. (OPEN ACCESS) PLoS One 2012; 7: e37123.

29. Johnston JD. Adipose circadian rhythms: translating cellular and animal studies to human physiology. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2012; 349: 45-50.

28. Otway DT, Mäntele S, Bretschneider S, Wright J, Trayhurn P, Skene DJ, Robertson MD, Johnston JD. Rhythmic Diurnal Gene Expression in Human Adipose Tissue From Individuals Who Are Lean, Overweight, and Have Type 2 Diabetes. (OPEN ACCESS)Diabetes 2011; 60: 1577-1581.

27. Archer SN, Carpen JD, Gibson M, Lim GH, Johnston JD, Skene DJ, von Schantz M. Polymorphism in the PER3 promoter associates with diurnal preference and delayed sleep phase disorder. (OPEN ACCESS) Sleep 2010; 33: 695-701.

26. Johnston JD, Frost G, Otway DT. Adipose tissue, adipocytes and the circadian timing system.Obesity Reviews 2009; 10 (Suppl 2): 52-60

25. Otway DT, Frost G, Johnston JD. Circadian rhythmicity in murine pre-adipocyte and adipocyte cells.Chronobiology International 2009; 26: 1340-1354.

24. Fustin JM, Dardente H, Wagner GC, Carter DA, Johnston JD, Lincoln GA, Hazlerigg DG. Egr1 involvement in evening gene regulation by melatonin. (OPEN ACCESS) FASEB Journal 2009; 23: 764-773

23. Wagner G, Johnston JD, Clarke IJ, Lincoln GA, Hazlerigg DG. Redefining the limits of day length responsiveness in a seasonal mammal. (OPEN ACCESS) Endocrinology 2008; 149: 32-39.

22. Johnston JD, Schuster C, Barrett P, Hazlerigg DG. Regulation of the Ovine MT1 Melatonin Receptor Promoter: Interaction between Multiple Pituitary Transcription Factors at Different Phases of Development.Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2007; 268: 59-66.

21. Wagner G, Johnston JD, Tournier BB, Ebling FJP, Hazlerigg DG. Melatonin induces gene-specific effects on rhythmic mRNA expression in the pars tuberalis of the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). European Journal of Neuroscience 2007; 25: 485-490.

20. Johnston JD, Hazlerigg DG, Wagner G. Melatonin receptors in neuroendocrine developmentIn Melatonin: from Molecules to Therapy (Cardinali DP, Pandi-Perumal SR eds; Nova Science Publishers Inc, NY) 2007

19. Hazlerigg DG, Johnston JD, Fustin J-M. The molecular basis to the circadian effects of melatonin.In Melatonin: from Molecules to Therapy (Cardinali DP, Pandi-Perumal SR eds; Nova Science Publishers Inc, NY) 2007

18. *Johnston JD, *Tournier BB, Andersson H, Masson-Pévet M, Lincoln GA, Hazlerigg DG. Multiple effects of melatonin on rhythmic clock gene expression in the mammalian pars tuberalis. (OPEN ACCESS) Endocrinology 2006; 147: 959-965.*Joint 1st authors

17. Johnston JD, Klosen P, Barrett P, Hazlerigg DG. Regulation of MT1 melatonin receptor expression in the foetal rat pituitary. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2006; 18: 50-56.

16. Lincoln GA, Johnston JD, Andersson H, Wagner G, Hazlerigg DG. Photorefractoriness in mammals: dissociating a seasonal timer from the circadian-based photoperiod response. (OPEN ACCESS) Endocrinology 2005; 146: 3782-3790.

15. Johnston JD. Measuring seasonal time within the circadian system: regulation of the suprachiasmatic nuclei by photoperiod. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2005; 17: 459-465.

14. Andersson H, Johnston JD, Messager S, Hazlerigg DG, Lincoln GA. Photoperiod regulates circadian rhythms of clock gene expression in the ovine liver. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2005; 142: 357-363.

13. Johnston JD, Ebling FJP, Hazlerigg DG. Photoperiod regulates multiple gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). European Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 21: 2967-2974.

12. Hazlerigg DG, Ebling FJP, Johnston JD. Photoperiod differentially regulates rhythms of gene expression in the rostral and caudal suprachiasmatic nuclei. (OPEN ACCESS) Current Biology 2005; 15: R449-R450.

11. Johnston JD, Bashforth R, Diack A, Andersson H, Lincoln GA, Hazlerigg DG. Rhythmic melatonin secretion does not correlate with the expression of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, inducible cyclic adenosine monophosphate early repressor, period1 or cryptochrome1 mRNA in the sheep pineal. Neuroscience 2004; 124: 789-795.

10. Johnston JD. Photoperiodic regulation of prolactin secretion: changes in intra-pituitary signalling and lactotroph heterogeneity. (OPEN ACCESS) Journal of Endocrinology 2004; 180: 351-356.

9. Hazlerigg DG, Andersson H, Johnston JD, Lincoln GA. Molecular characterisation of the long day response in the Soay sheep, a seasonal mammal. (OPEN ACCESS) Current Biology 2004; 14: 334-339.

8. Johnston JD, Stirland JA, White MRH, Davis, JRE, Loudon ASI. Heterogeneous regulation of individual lactotroph cells by photoperiod in the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). General and Comparative Endocrinology 2003; 134: 182-186.

7. *Carr A-JF, *Johnston JD, Semikhodskii AG, Nolan T, Cagampang FRA, Stirland JA, Loudon ASI. Photoperiod differentially regulates circadian oscillators in central and peripheral tissues of the Syrian hamster. (OPEN ACCESS) Current Biology 2003; 13: 1543-1548.*Joint first authors

6. Johnston JD, Cagampang FRA, Stirland JA, Carr A-JF, White MRH, Davis JRE, Loudon ASI. Evidence for an endogenous per1- and ICER-independent seasonal timer in the hamster pituitary gland. (OPEN ACCESS) FASEB Journal 2003; 17: 810-815.

5. Johnston JD, Messager S, Barrett P, Hazlerigg DG. Melatonin action in the pituitary: neuroendocrine synchroniser & developmental modulator? Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2003; 15: 405-408.

4. Johnston JD, Messager S, Ebling FJP, Williams LM, Barrett P, Hazlerigg DG. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone drives melatonin receptor down-regulation in the developing pituitary gland. (OPEN ACCESS) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2003; 100: 2831-2835.

3. *Stirland JA, *Johnston JD, Cagampang FRA, Morgan PJ, Castro MG, White MRH, Davis JRE, Loudon ASI. Photoperiodic regulation of prolactin gene expression in the Syrian hamster by a pars tuberalis-derived factor. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 2001; 13: 147-157.*Joint first authors

2. Johnston JD, Price SA, Bristow DR. Flunitrazepam rapidly reduces GABAA receptor subunit protein expression via a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. British Journal of Pharmacology 1998; 124: 1338-1340.

1. Johnston JD, Bristow DR. Regulation of GABAA receptor a1 subunit protein is a sensitive indicator of benzodiazepine agonist efficacy. European Journal of Pharmacology 1998; 248: 321-324.